caa a22 4500 46909799X CHVBK 20180323133036.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e19921001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00650330 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00650330 The evolution of crassulacean acid metabolism in Aeonium inferred from carbon isotope composition and enzyme activities [Elektronische Daten] [E. Pilon-Smits, H. Hart, J. Maas, J. Meesterburrie, R. Kreuler, J. van Brederode] Summary: Variation in crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) was investigated in thirtyAeonium species under controlled, well-watered conditions. Carbon isotope ratios and the specific activities of the CAM enzymes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and malic enzyme ME_ are highly correlated and indicate a large variation in CAM. The δ13C values range from -13.6 to -27.1‰; PEPC and ME activities vary seven- and five-fold, respectively. Since these observations were made under controlled conditions, the differences are genetically determined and represent adaptations to different habitats. The CAM activity of the species is correlated with the characteristics of their natural habitats. CAM activity is also highly correlated with the growth- and life-forms of the species and accordingly agrees well with the infrageneric classifications which are partly based on these characters. Our results support the hypothesis that the Sempervivoideae have evolved from an EurasiaticSedum, which used C3 photosynthesis or weak CAM, and that evolution withinAeonium was from undifferentiatedSedum-like dwarf shrubs with C3 photosynthesis to woody candelabrum-shaped shrubs exhibiting strong CAM. The monocarpic, rosulate species with intermediate CAM may have evolved via an independent secondary route. Springer-Verlag, 1992 Aeonium nationallicence Crassulacean acid metabolism nationallicence δ13C nationallicence Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase nationallicence Malic enzyme nationallicence Pilon-Smits E. Department of Botanical Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands aut Hart H. Department of Botanical Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands aut Maas J. Department of Botanical Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands aut Meesterburrie J. Department of Geochemistry, University of Utrecht, Budapestlaan 4, 3584 CD, Utrecht, The Netherlands aut Kreuler R. Department of Geochemistry, University of Utrecht, Budapestlaan 4, 3584 CD, Utrecht, The Netherlands aut van Brederode J. Department of Botanical Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands aut Oecologia Springer-Verlag 91/4(1992-10-01), 548-553 0029-8549 91:4<548 1992 91 442 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00650330 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00650330 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pilon-Smits E. Department of Botanical Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hart H. Department of Botanical Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Maas J. Department of Botanical Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Meesterburrie J. Department of Geochemistry, University of Utrecht, Budapestlaan 4, 3584 CD, Utrecht, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kreuler R. Department of Geochemistry, University of Utrecht, Budapestlaan 4, 3584 CD, Utrecht, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- van Brederode J. Department of Botanical Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Oecologia Springer-Verlag 91/4(1992-10-01), 548-553 0029-8549 91:4<548 1992 91 442 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer