caa a22 4500 469098473 CHVBK 20180323133038.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e19920601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00317686 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00317686 Regional variation in fish predation intensity: a historical perspective in the Gulf of Maine [Elektronische Daten] [Jon Witman, Kenneth Sebens] Summary: Regional variation in the intensity of fish predation on tethered brittle stars and crabs was measured at 30-33 m depths in the rocky subtidal zone at seven sites representing coastal and offshore regions of the Gulf of Maine, USA. Analysis of covariance comparing the slopes of brittle star survivorship curves followed by multiple comparisons tests revealed five groupings of sites, with significantly greater predation rates in the two offshore than in the three coastal groups. Brittle stars tethered at the three offshore sites were consumed primarily by cod, Gadus morhua, with 60-100% prey mortality occuring in 2.5 h. In striking contrast, only 6-28% of brittle star prey was consumed in the same amount of time at the four coastal sites, which were dominated by cunner, Tautogolabrus adspersus. In several coastal trials, a majority of brittle star prey remained after 24 h. The pattern of higher predation offshore held for rock crabs as well with only 2.7% of tethered crabs consumed (n=36) at coastal sites versus 57.8% of crabs (n=64) consumed at offshore sites. Another important predatory fish, the wolffish, Anarhichas lupus, consumed more tethered crabs than brittle stars. Videos and time-lapse movies indicated that cod and wolffish were significantly more abundant at offshore than at coastal sites. Three hundred years of fishing pressure in New England has severely depleted stocks of at least one important benthic predator, the cod, in coastal waters. We speculate that this human-induced predator removal has lowered predation pressure on crabs and other large mobile epibenthos in deep coastal communities. Transect data indicate that coastal sites with few cod support significantly higher densities of crabs than offshore sites with abundant cod. Springer-Verlag, 1992 Regional variation nationallicence Rocky subtidal nationallicence Predator-prey interactions nationallicence Overfishing nationallicence Human impact nationallicence Witman Jon Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, 01908, Nahant, MA, USA aut Sebens Kenneth Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, 01908, Nahant, MA, USA aut Oecologia Springer-Verlag 90/3(1992-06-01), 305-315 0029-8549 90:3<305 1992 90 442 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00317686 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00317686 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Witman Jon Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, 01908, Nahant, MA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sebens Kenneth Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, 01908, Nahant, MA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Oecologia Springer-Verlag 90/3(1992-06-01), 305-315 0029-8549 90:3<305 1992 90 442 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer