caa a22 4500 469099011 CHVBK 20180323133039.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e19920501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00317190 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00317190 Schultz B. School of Natural Science, Hampshire College, 01002, Amherst, MA, USA aut Insect herbivores as potential causes of mortality and adaptation in gallforming insects [Elektronische Daten] [B. Schultz] Summary: Recent studies have suggested that plant galls benefit only the insects living in them and not the host plants, and that galls are induced by insects primarily to improve the plant as a microenvironment or a food source. The potential advantage to insects of protection from their predators and parasitoids has been considered unclear and perhaps minor in importance. However, the potential threat to gallforming insects from other insect herbivores has usually been relatively neglected. This paper notes literature and observations which suggest that herbivores may either consume or be deterred by galls. Even soft leaf galls produced by Hormaphis and Phylloxera aphids appeared to deter some herbivores in the field. The threat of herbivory to galls might help explain general patterns of gall ecology and morphology, and deserves closer attention. Springer-Verlag, 1992 Galls nationallicence Predators nationallicence Parasitoids nationallicence Herbivory nationallicence Oecologia Springer-Verlag 90/2(1992-05-01), 297-299 0029-8549 90:2<297 1992 90 442 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00317190 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 brief-communication jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00317190 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Schultz B. School of Natural Science, Hampshire College, 01002, Amherst, MA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Oecologia Springer-Verlag 90/2(1992-05-01), 297-299 0029-8549 90:2<297 1992 90 442 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer