caa a22 4500 469106220 CHVBK 20180323133057.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e19920901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00044713 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00044713 Whole-lake experimentation as a tool to assess ecosystem health, response to stress and recovery: the Experimental Lakes Area experience [Elektronische Daten] [D. Malley, K. Mills] The rationale and methods for and value of whole-lake experimentation are described using the Experimental Lakes Area (ELA), northwestern Ontario, as the example. The ELA consists of 46 lakes (< 100 ha in surface area), their watersheds, and several streams protected for research purposes in near-pristine boreal forest on the Precambrian Shield near Kenora, Ontario. Over more than 20 y, whole-lake experimentation has provided unique information on the effects on lakes of nutrient additions, acidification, Cd addition, and biomanipulation. Experiments are planned to study the effects of PCB addition and flooding. Recovery, mitigation, and remediation have been explored in some experiments. As well, the fate of radioactive metals in a lake and the effects of acidification on a poor fen and an upland watershed are studied. Comparison between the experimental systems and unmanipulated reference systems has proven to be essential. These reference systems also have a role in defining (absolute) ‘aquatic ecosystem health' for small, pristine Precambrian Shield lakes. The ELA experimental data base is available, as well, for calibrating indices of relative aquatic ecosystem health, i.e., environmental degradation, using the dose-responses of lakes to eutrophication, acidification, Cd addition, and other stressors. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992 eutrophication nationallicence acidification nationallicence metal contamination nationallicence natural variability nationallicence limnocorrals nationallicence Malley D. Freshwater Institute, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, 501 University Crescent, R3T 2N6, Winnipeg, MB, Canada aut Mills K. Freshwater Institute, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, 501 University Crescent, R3T 2N6, Winnipeg, MB, Canada aut Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Health Kluwer Academic Publishers 1/3(1992-09-01), 159-174 0925-1014 1:3<159 1992 1 10813 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00044713 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00044713 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Malley D. Freshwater Institute, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, 501 University Crescent, R3T 2N6, Winnipeg, MB, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mills K. Freshwater Institute, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, 501 University Crescent, R3T 2N6, Winnipeg, MB, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Health Kluwer Academic Publishers 1/3(1992-09-01), 159-174 0925-1014 1:3<159 1992 1 10813 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer