caa a22 4500 469119918 CHVBK 20180323133135.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e19920701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF02245311 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF02245311 Conditioned tolerance in human opiate addicts [Elektronische Daten] [Ronald Ehrman, Joseph Ternes, Charles O'Brien, A. McLellan] Repeated administration of opioid drugs results in tolerance, a lessening of the drug's effect. There is pre-clinical evidence suggesting a conditioning component to drug tolerance. In the present study, six former opiate dependent subjects received i.v. opiate either by un-signalled infusion or by signalled self-injection and the effects were compared with those of saline under double-blind conditions. The subjects' pre-injection rituals constitute a signal which reliably predict the appearance of the opiate. These rituals produced drug-opposite physiological responses which resulted in an attenuation of the effects of the drug. Thus, tolerance was observed when the subjects injected the opiate, but not when the same dose was received by un-signaled intravenous infusion. These results are consistent with a conditioning explanation for the observed drug tolerance. Springer-Verlag, 1992 Tolerance nationallicence Conditioning nationallicence Opiate nationallicence Opioid nationallicence Dependence nationallicence Withdrawal nationallicence Relapse nationallicence Addiction nationallicence Ehrman Ronald Philadelphia Veterans Medical Center, University and Woodland Avenues, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA aut Ternes Joseph Philadelphia Veterans Medical Center, University and Woodland Avenues, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA aut O'Brien Charles Philadelphia Veterans Medical Center, University and Woodland Avenues, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA aut McLellan A. Philadelphia Veterans Medical Center, University and Woodland Avenues, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA aut Psychopharmacology Springer-Verlag 108/1-2(1992-07-01), 218-224 0033-3158 108:1-2<218 1992 108 213 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02245311 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02245311 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ehrman Ronald Philadelphia Veterans Medical Center, University and Woodland Avenues, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ternes Joseph Philadelphia Veterans Medical Center, University and Woodland Avenues, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- O'Brien Charles Philadelphia Veterans Medical Center, University and Woodland Avenues, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- McLellan A. Philadelphia Veterans Medical Center, University and Woodland Avenues, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Psychopharmacology Springer-Verlag 108/1-2(1992-07-01), 218-224 0033-3158 108:1-2<218 1992 108 213 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer