caa a22 4500 475738934 CHVBK 20180406123454.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170329e20000801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1023/A:1005500917875 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1023/A:1005500917875 Unrealistic Optimism and the Health Belief Model [Elektronische Daten] [Valerie Clarke, Hildegarde Lovegrove, Amanda Williams, Michelle Machperson] Why do people fail to engage in positive behaviors which will promote their health and well-being? Researchers addressing this question adopt primarily one of two perspectives, drawing either on theories of health behavior, such as the Health Belief Model (HBM), or on theories of risk perception, such as unrealistic optimism. To overcome this compartmentalization, two studies of cancer screening behavior assessed the extent to which unrealistic optimism occurred in relation to each of the elements of the HBM: severity and curability of cancer and the benefits of, and barriers to, having a screening test. Data were collected using telephone interviews, dialing numbers randomly selected from the telephone directory. In the first study 164 women aged 50 to 70 years responded to questions about breast cancer and screening mammography, while in the second study 200 men aged 45 to 60 years responded to questions about prostate cancer and screening using the prostate specific antigen test. Women had an optimistic bias in relation to breast cancer risk and severity and barriers to having a screening mammogram but not in relation to the benefits of screening. For prostate cancer, there was an optimistic bias for all HBM variables: risk and severity of prostate cancer and barriers to and benefits of screening. It was concluded that unrealistic optimism is broader than perceived risk, being evident for all elements of the HBM. Plenum Publishing Corporation, 2000 optimistic bias nationallicence Health Belief Model nationallicence breast cancer nationallicence prostate cancer nationallicence Clarke Valerie School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong Campus, 3217, Victoria, Australia aut Lovegrove Hildegarde School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood Campus aut Williams Amanda School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong Campus, 3217, Victoria, Australia aut Machperson Michelle School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood Campus aut Journal of Behavioral Medicine Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers 23/4(2000-08-01), 367-376 0160-7715 23:4<367 2000 23 10865 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005500917875 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005500917875 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Clarke Valerie School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong Campus, 3217, Victoria, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lovegrove Hildegarde School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood Campus aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Williams Amanda School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong Campus, 3217, Victoria, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Machperson Michelle School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood Campus aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Behavioral Medicine Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers 23/4(2000-08-01), 367-376 0160-7715 23:4<367 2000 23 10865 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer