caa a22 4500 475747763 CHVBK 20180406123518.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170329e20000301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s002810000014 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s002810000014 The role of CpG in DNA vaccines [Elektronische Daten] [Michael McCluskie, Risini Weeratna, Heather Davis] One of the most exciting developments in the field of vaccine research in recent years has been DNA vaccines, with which immune responses are induced sub-sequent to the in vivo expression of antigen from directly introduced plasmid DNA. Strong immune responses have been demonstrated in a number of animal models against many viral, bacterial and parasitic pathogens, and several human clinical trials have been undertaken. The strong and long-lasting antigen-specific humoral (antibodies) and cell-mediated (T help, other cytokine functions and cytotoxic T cells) immune responses induced by DNA vaccines appear to be due to the sustained in vivo expression of antigen, efficient antigen presentation and the presence of stimulatory CpG motifs. These features are desirable for the development of prophylactic vaccines against numerous infectious agents. Furthermore, the strong cellular responses are also very desirable for the development of therapeutic DNA vaccines to treat chronic viral infections or cancer. Efforts are now focusing on understanding the mechanisms for the induction of these immune responses, which in turn should aid in the optimization of DNA vaccines. This review will focus on the role of CpG motifs in DNA vaccines. Springer-Verlag, 2000 McCluskie Michael Loeb Health Research Institute at the Ottawa Hospital, 725 Parkdale Avenue, K1Y 4E9, Ottawa, Canada aut Weeratna Risini Loeb Health Research Institute at the Ottawa Hospital, 725 Parkdale Avenue, K1Y 4E9, Ottawa, Canada aut Davis Heather Loeb Health Research Institute at the Ottawa Hospital, 725 Parkdale Avenue, K1Y 4E9, Ottawa, Canada aut Springer Seminars in Immunopathology Springer-Verlag 22/1-2(2000-03-01), 125-132 0344-4325 22:1-2<125 2000 22 281 https://doi.org/10.1007/s002810000014 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s002810000014 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- McCluskie Michael Loeb Health Research Institute at the Ottawa Hospital, 725 Parkdale Avenue, K1Y 4E9, Ottawa, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Weeratna Risini Loeb Health Research Institute at the Ottawa Hospital, 725 Parkdale Avenue, K1Y 4E9, Ottawa, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Davis Heather Loeb Health Research Institute at the Ottawa Hospital, 725 Parkdale Avenue, K1Y 4E9, Ottawa, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Springer Seminars in Immunopathology Springer-Verlag 22/1-2(2000-03-01), 125-132 0344-4325 22:1-2<125 2000 22 281 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer