caa a22 4500 475751310 CHVBK 20180406123524.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170329e20000201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1023/A:1009871404477 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1023/A:1009871404477 Middleton Beth Department of Plant Biology, Southern Illinois University, 62901-6205, Carbondale, IL, USA aut Hydrochory, seed banks, and regeneration dynamics along the landscape boundaries of a forested wetland [Elektronische Daten] [Beth Middleton] Following the environmental sieve concept, the setting in which the recruitment of Taxodium distichum occurs in, becomes increasingly restrictive from the seed to seedling stage in an impounded forested wetland. Although a wide elevational band of dispersing seed moves across the boundary of a swamp-field in the water sheet, the zone of germination is relegated to that portion of the forested wetland that draws down during the growing season. Seedling recruitment is further restricted to the uppermost zone of the winter water sheet. These patterns are likely applicable to other species of dominant swamp species, e.g., Cephalanthus occidentalis crossed the boundary of a forested wetland and abandonded field in winter flooding (November-December and November-March, respectively) in Buttonland Swamp. The elevation of the boundary was 101.3m NGVD. While the seeds of at least 40 swamp species were dispersed across the boundary, few viable seeds were dispersed after the winter season. Kriged maps showed seeds of T.distichum and C.occidentalis dispersed in patches in the water depending on the position of the water sheet. Most species of both water- and gravity-dispersed species had a localized pattern of seed distribution (either spherical or exponential) and this indicated that seeds may not be dispersed for great distances in the swamp. Water-dispersed T.distichum and C.occidentalis had larger dispersal ranges (A 0=225 and 195m, respectively) than Bidens frondosa and B.discoidea (A 0=14 and 16m, respectively). Seed dispersal varied with season depending on the availability of seeds. In Buttonland Swamp, viable seeds typically were dispersed for T.distichum in November-June, and for C.occidentalis in November-July. Low water occurred in August 1993 and high in February 1994 (99.8 and 101.6m NGVD, respectively). The seed banks along the landscape boundary varied in species composition according to elevation (r 2=0.996). While the similarity of species richness between water-dispersed seeds and the seed bank at elevations that flooded (during June 1993 through May 1995) was high (10-17%), it was low between water-dispersed seeds and the seed bank at elevations that did not flood (5%). T.distichum seeds had a short germination window in that seeds germinated within a year following their production in zones that were flooded in the winter followed by drawdown during the next growing season. After 1 year, less than 5% of the T.distichum seeds remained viable on the surface of the soil. Germination of T.distichum was confined to specific elevations (above 99.3 but below 101.6m NGVD) during this study with 4.1% of the seedlings surviving for more than 2 years at a mean of 101.4 m NGVD. All seedlings below this elevation died. To maximize natural regeneration along the boundaries of swamps in abandoned farm fields targeted for restoration, this study suggests a flood pulse regime consisting of high water in the winter to maximize dispersal of live seeds followed by low water in the summer to facilitate seed germination and seedling recruitment. Hydrologic restoration could assist in the natural recovery of damaged wetlands if a seed source exists nearby. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000 Boundary dynamics nationallicence Cephalanthus occidentalis nationallicence Seed dispersal nationallicence Spatial ecology nationallicence Taxodium distichum nationallicence Plant Ecology Kluwer Academic Publishers 146/2(2000-02-01), 167-181 1385-0237 146:2<167 2000 146 11258 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009871404477 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009871404477 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Middleton Beth Department of Plant Biology, Southern Illinois University, 62901-6205, Carbondale, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Plant Ecology Kluwer Academic Publishers 146/2(2000-02-01), 167-181 1385-0237 146:2<167 2000 146 11258 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer