caa a22 4500 47575154X CHVBK 20180406123525.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170329e20000501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1023/A:1009879221679 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1023/A:1009879221679 Local and geographical distributions for a tropical tree genus, Scaphium (Sterculiaceae) in the Far East [Elektronische Daten] [Toshihiro Yamada, Akira Itoh, Mamoru Kanzaki, Takuo Yamakura, Eizi Suzuki, Peter Ashton] Tropical rain forests have an amazingly large number of closely related, sympatric species. How the sympatric species coexist is central to understanding the maintenance of high biodiversity in tropical rain forests. We compared local and geographical distributions among trees in Scaphium (Sterculiaceae), a tropical canopy tree genus. Scaphium is endemic to the Far Eastern tropics and comprises six species. Scaphium scaphigerum is distributed in drier regions than the other species' geographical distribution ranges. Scaphium longiflorum is distributed swamp forests, whereas the others were distributed in lowland and hill tropical rain forests on undulating land. Scaphium borneense, S. longipetiolatum, and S. macropodum co-occurred in a 52-ha plot in Lambir, Sarawak and clearly showed an allopathic pattern of distribution related to elevation in it. In the plot, the elevational difference was correlated with soil variation. Consequently, the difference in edaphic condition promoted the habitat segregation of the species. Thus these five Scaphium species have divergent habitats at various spatial scales and coexist because they reduce direct competition by habitat niche differentiation. Although the non-equilibrium hypothesis for the coexistence of Scaphium species cannot be rejected categorically due to the lack of enough information about S. linearicarpum, the equilibrium force may play the predominant role which permits their coexistence. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000 Equilibrium force nationallicence Habitat segregation nationallicence Lambir nationallicence Soil nationallicence Tropical rain forest nationallicence Non-equilibrium force nationallicence Yamada Toshihiro Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Osaka City University, 558-8585, Osaka, Japan aut Itoh Akira Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Osaka City University, 558-8585, Osaka, Japan aut Kanzaki Mamoru Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Osaka City University, 558-8585, Osaka, Japan aut Yamakura Takuo Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Osaka City University, 558-8585, Osaka, Japan aut Suzuki Eizi Department of Earth Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Kagoshima University, 890-0065, Kagoshima, Japan aut Ashton Peter Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 02138, MA, USA aut Plant Ecology Kluwer Academic Publishers 148/1(2000-05-01), 23-30 1385-0237 148:1<23 2000 148 11258 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009879221679 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009879221679 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Yamada Toshihiro Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Osaka City University, 558-8585, Osaka, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Itoh Akira Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Osaka City University, 558-8585, Osaka, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kanzaki Mamoru Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Osaka City University, 558-8585, Osaka, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Yamakura Takuo Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Osaka City University, 558-8585, Osaka, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Suzuki Eizi Department of Earth Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Kagoshima University, 890-0065, Kagoshima, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ashton Peter Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 02138, MA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Plant Ecology Kluwer Academic Publishers 148/1(2000-05-01), 23-30 1385-0237 148:1<23 2000 148 11258 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer