caa a22 4500 475751825 CHVBK 20180406123526.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170329e20001201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1023/A:1026509529570 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1023/A:1026509529570 Tree seedling establishment under insect herbivory: edge effects and inter- annual variation [Elektronische Daten] [S.J. Meiners, S.N. Handel, S.T.A. Pickett] As the density and species composition of insects may change in relation to distance from the forest edge, the role of herbivory in tree establishment may also change across edges. To determine the importance of insect herbivory in tree establishment, insect densities were experimentally altered at different distances from the forest edge. Plots were established at three distances from the edge, with plots located in forest, edge, and field habitats. In half of each plot, insect densities were reduced by insecticide application. Seeds of two tree species, Acer rubrum and Fraxinus americana, were planted into each plot in 1995. The experiment was repeated in 1996 with the addition of Quercus palustris and Quercus rubra. Distance from the forest edge was the most important factor in determining seedling emergence and mortality. Overall seedling performance increased from field to edge to woods, although responses varied among species. In 1995, a drought year, insect removal increased emergence and decreased mortality of tree seedlings. In 1996, a year with normal precipitation, insect removal had much less effect on A. rubrum and F. americana. For the two Quercus species, mortality was reduced by insect removal. The tree species differed in their susceptibility to insect herbivory, with Acer rubrum the most susceptible and Fraxinus americana the least. Herbivory by insects was shown to have the potential to affect both the composition and spatial pattern of tree invasions. Herbivore importance differed greatly between the two years of the study, making the interaction between insects and tree seedlings variable both in space and time. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000 Acer nationallicence Drought nationallicence Fraxinus nationallicence Old field succession nationallicence Quercus nationallicence Spatial pattern nationallicence Meiners S.J. E-mail: meiners@rci.rutgers.edu aut Handel S.N. aut Pickett S.T.A. aut Plant Ecology Kluwer Academic Publishers 151/2(2000-12-01), 161-170 1385-0237 151:2<161 2000 151 11258 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026509529570 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026509529570 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Meiners S.J. E-mail: meiners@rci.rutgers.edu aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Handel S.N. aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pickett S.T.A. aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Plant Ecology Kluwer Academic Publishers 151/2(2000-12-01), 161-170 1385-0237 151:2<161 2000 151 11258 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer