caa a22 4500 475765435 CHVBK 20180406123604.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170329e20000601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1023/A:1008761210674 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1023/A:1008761210674 De Vreese Stéfan Algemene Politie Steun Dienst, Rue Royale 47, 1000, Bruxelles, Belgium aut Hooliganism under the Statistical Magnifying Glass: A Belgian Case Study [Elektronische Daten] [Stéfan De Vreese] In Belgium the most important football matches are statistically recorded. Therefore this case is presented to demonstrate what can be learnt from statistics and other qualitative information in order to assess hooliganism: the number of hardcore elements, their size, their maximum capacity for mobilisation, the age groups involved, the degree of activism, the number and characteristics of the incidents involved, links with political crime and/or extremism, relationships and/or rivalries with other hardcore elements, the size of the police resources deployed in order to tackle them, and the impact of certain measures in the fight against hooliganism. A number of the characteristics of the phenomenon of hooliganism (renewal, adaptation and international relationships, in particular) mean that one has to go beyond the pure and simple canvas of a questionnaire with a statistical vocation. It is for this reason that the statistical information in Belgium has, from the very start (the 1991-1992 season) been backed up by telephone interviews with special witnesses from various Belgian hardcore elements. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000 hardcore elements nationallicence hooliganism nationallicence preventive measures nationallicence statistical analysis nationallicence European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research Kluwer Academic Publishers 8/2(2000-06-01), 201-223 0928-1371 8:2<201 2000 8 10610 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008761210674 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008761210674 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- De Vreese Stéfan Algemene Politie Steun Dienst, Rue Royale 47, 1000, Bruxelles, Belgium aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research Kluwer Academic Publishers 8/2(2000-06-01), 201-223 0928-1371 8:2<201 2000 8 10610 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer