caa a22 4500 47577759X CHVBK 20180406123635.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170329e20000601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1023/A:1002677312259 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1023/A:1002677312259 Numerical Modelling Of Turbulent Airflow Over Water Waves [Elektronische Daten] [P. Li, D. Xu, P. Taylor] A nonlinear numerical model is developed for turbulent boundary-layer flowover a train of water waves of finite amplitude or slope. The airflow isassumed to be steady, two-dimensional, and neutrally-stratified. The wavesurface is assumed to be aerodynamically rough and flow conditions at thewave surface are prescribed. The numerical model used in this study adoptsthree turbulence closure schemes with different degrees of physicalcompleteness. Two of these are second-order schemes, whichare believed to describe turbulent flow more completely than thesimpler closures used in most previous studies. Although models with all turbulence closures agree qualitatively in the prediction of the amplitude of the surface normal stress perturbation, the lower- and higher-order closures differ significantly in predictions of phase, and hence the form drag and energy transfer rate between wind and waves. Our model results are in reasonable agreement with field and laboratory measurements, although predicted energy transfer rates are generally at the low end of the range of experimental values. Cases with airflow at various angles to the wave direction are also considered. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000 NLMSFD nationallicence Wind waves nationallicence Second-order closure schemes nationallicence Wave age nationallicence Growth rate parameter nationallicence Li P. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, York University, 4700 Keele Street, M3J 1P3, Toronto, Ontario, Canada aut Xu D. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, York University, 4700 Keele Street, M3J 1P3, Toronto, Ontario, Canada aut Taylor P. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, York University, 4700 Keele Street, M3J 1P3, Toronto, Ontario, Canada aut Boundary-Layer Meteorology Kluwer Academic Publishers 95/3(2000-06-01), 397-425 0006-8314 95:3<397 2000 95 10546 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1002677312259 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1002677312259 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Li P. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, York University, 4700 Keele Street, M3J 1P3, Toronto, Ontario, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Xu D. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, York University, 4700 Keele Street, M3J 1P3, Toronto, Ontario, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Taylor P. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, York University, 4700 Keele Street, M3J 1P3, Toronto, Ontario, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Boundary-Layer Meteorology Kluwer Academic Publishers 95/3(2000-06-01), 397-425 0006-8314 95:3<397 2000 95 10546 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer