caa a22 4500 475792637 CHVBK 20180406123714.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170329e20000301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1023/A:1011161718572 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1023/A:1011161718572 The Cholinergic Neuronal Phenotype in Alzheimer's Disease [Elektronische Daten] [Jan Blusztajn, Brygida Berse] The synthesis, storage and release of acetylcholine (ACh) requires the expression of several specialized proteins, including choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and the vesicular ACh transporter (VAChT). The VAChT gene is located within the first intron of the ChAT gene. This unique genomic organization permits coordinated activation of expression of the two genes by extracellular factors. Much less is known about factors that reduce the expression of the cholinergic phenotype. A cholinergic deficit is one of the primary features of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and AD brains are characterized by amyloid deposits composed primarily of Aβ peptides. Although Aβ peptides are neurotoxic, part of the cholinergic deficit in AD could be attributed to the suppression of cholinergic markers in the absence of cell death. Indeed, we and others demonstrated that synthetic Aβ peptides, at submicromolar concentrations that cause no cytotoxicity, reduce the expression of cholinergic markers in neuronal cells. Another feature of AD is abnormal phospholipid turnover, which might be related to the progressive accumulation of apolipoprotein E (apoE) within amyloid plaques, leading perhaps to the reduction of apoE content in the CSF of AD patients. ApoE is a component of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). As a first step in investigating a potential neuroprotective function of apoE, we determined the effects of VLDL on ACh content in neuronal cells. We found that VLDL increases ACh levels, and that it can partially offset the anticholinergic actions of Aβ peptides. Plenum Publishing Corporation, 2000 acetylcholine nationallicence beta amyloid nationallicence choline acetyltransferase nationallicence vesicular acetylcholine transporter nationallicence apolipoprotein E nationallicence phosphatidylcholine nationallicence Blusztajn Jan Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 02118, Boston, MA aut Berse Brygida Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 02118, Boston, MA aut Metabolic Brain Disease Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers 15/1(2000-03-01), 45-64 0885-7490 15:1<45 2000 15 11011 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011161718572 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011161718572 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Blusztajn Jan Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 02118, Boston, MA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Berse Brygida Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 02118, Boston, MA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Metabolic Brain Disease Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers 15/1(2000-03-01), 45-64 0885-7490 15:1<45 2000 15 11011 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence SWISSBIB 475792629 BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer