caa a22 4500 475794672 CHVBK 20180406123720.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170329e20000701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s001220051461 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s001220051461 Evidence for phylogeographic structure in Lolium species related to the spread of agriculture in Europe. A cpDNA study [Elektronische Daten] [F. Balfourier, C. Imbert, G. Charmet] Abstract : In order to explain the present distribution area of natural populations of two forage grasses species (Lolium perenne and L. rigidum), we studied genetic variation for maternally inherited chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) in 447 individual plants from 51 natural populations sampled throughout Europe and the Middle East. The detection of polymorphism by restriction analysis of PCR-amplified cpDNA fragments resulted in the identification of 15 haplotypes. Hierarchical analysis of chloroplastic diversity showed a high level of within-population diversity while, for both species, we found that about 40% of the total diversity still remains among populations. The use of previous isozymes data enabled us to estimate the pollen to seed flow ratio: pollen flow appears to be 3.5 times greater than seed flow for L. perenne and 2.2 times higher for L. rigidum. A stepwise weighted genetic distance between pairs of populations was calculated using the haplotypes frequencies of populations. A hierarchical clustering of populations clearly divides the two species, while two main clusters of L. perenne populations show a strong geographical structure. Different scenario are proposed for explaining the distribution area of the two species. Finally, evidence attesting that these geographical structures are related to the spread of agriculture in Europe are presented and discussed. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2000 Key words Chloroplast DNA nationallicence Diversity nationallicence Phylogeography nationallicence Pollen flow nationallicence Population genetics nationallicence Seed migration nationallicence Balfourier F. INRA, Station d'Amélioration des Plantes, 234 avenue du Brézet, F-63039 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex, France e-mail: balfour@clermont.inra.fr Fax: +33 04 73 62 44 53, FR aut Imbert C. INRA, Station d'Amélioration des Plantes, 234 avenue du Brézet, F-63039 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex, France e-mail: balfour@clermont.inra.fr Fax: +33 04 73 62 44 53, FR aut Charmet G. INRA, Station d'Amélioration des Plantes, 234 avenue du Brézet, F-63039 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex, France e-mail: balfour@clermont.inra.fr Fax: +33 04 73 62 44 53, FR aut https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220051461 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220051461 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Balfourier F. INRA, Station d'Amélioration des Plantes, 234 avenue du Brézet, F-63039 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex, France e-mail: balfour@clermont.inra.fr Fax: +33 04 73 62 44 53, FR aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Imbert C. INRA, Station d'Amélioration des Plantes, 234 avenue du Brézet, F-63039 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex, France e-mail: balfour@clermont.inra.fr Fax: +33 04 73 62 44 53, FR aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Charmet G. INRA, Station d'Amélioration des Plantes, 234 avenue du Brézet, F-63039 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex, France e-mail: balfour@clermont.inra.fr Fax: +33 04 73 62 44 53, FR aut Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer