caa a22 4500 475805941 CHVBK 20180406123746.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170329e20000601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1023/A:1026575610124 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1023/A:1026575610124 Gately Stephen Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL, USA aut The Contributions of Cyclooxygenase-2 to Tumor Angiogenesis [Elektronische Daten] [Stephen Gately] Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an immediate early response gene that can be induced by a variety of tumor promoters, cytokines, growth factors and hypoxia. COX-2 overexpression is linked to all stages of carcinogenesis with the enzyme localized to the neoplastic cells, microvascular endothelial cells, and stromal fibroblasts. The contributions of COX-2 in tumor angiogenesis include: (a) the increased expression of the proangiogenic growth factor VEGF; (b) the production of the eicosanoid products thromboxane A2, PGE2 and PGI2 that can directly stimulate endothelial cell migration and growth factor-induced angiogenesis; and potentially, (c) the inhibition of endothelial cell apoptosis by stimulation of Bcl-2 or Akt activation. Selective pharmacological inhibitors of COX-2 as angiosuppressive agents could have therapeutic benefit in the treatment of neoplastic disease from prevention through treatment of advanced metastatic disease. These agents are safe and well tolerated and can be added to chemotherapy and radiation therapy where angiogenesis inhibitors appear to provide at least additive therapeutic benefit. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000 angiogenesis nationallicence apoptosis nationallicence cyclooxygenase-2 nationallicence prostaglandins nationallicence vascular endothelial growth factor nationallicence Cancer and Metastasis Reviews Kluwer Academic Publishers 19/1-2(2000-06-01), 19-27 0167-7659 19:1-2<19 2000 19 10555 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026575610124 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026575610124 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Gately Stephen Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Cancer and Metastasis Reviews Kluwer Academic Publishers 19/1-2(2000-06-01), 19-27 0167-7659 19:1-2<19 2000 19 10555 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer