caa a22 4500 475813804 CHVBK 20180406123804.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170329e20000801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s000240050025 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s000240050025 The Hulopoe Gravel, Lanai, Hawaii: New Sedimentological Data and their Bearing on the "Giant Wave” (Mega-Tsunami) Emplacement Hypothesis [Elektronische Daten] [E. A. Felton, K. A. W. Crook, B. H. Keating] —Recognition that many oceanic islands are shaped by giant landslides has highlighted claims that the Hulopoe Gravel on south Lanai, Hawaii, was deposited by giant waves (mega-tsunami) generated by such a landslide. This interpretation is controversial. Resolution of the controversy has global implications because mass wasting of oceanic islands has been a common process for as long as hot spot volcanism has affected the ocean basins. Thus, if mega-tsunami are attendant upon the mass wasting process, their effect on earth surface processes should be discernible for much of geological time and may be comparable to that resulting from bolide impacts that form astroblemes.¶Detailed facies analysis of the pebble, cobble and boulder gravels that form the Hulopoe Gravel type section shows that the gravels are composed predominantly of basalt clasts with appreciable amounts of limestone clasts in 8 of the 14 beds present. Deposition was not continuous: eight disconformities are recognized in the 9.2 m type section, three of which are associated with truncated paleosols. The Hulopoe Gravel was not deposited by a single tsunami at 105 ka, as has been proposed. One bed is clearly an alluvial deposit. The origins of others are unclear but the facies data do not exclude tsunami as one of the processes that deposited individual beds within the Hulopoe Gravel, either above or below sea level. Birkhäuser Verlag Basel,, 2000 Key Words: Gravel, facies analysis, coastal sedimentation, rocky shoreline, ocean island, Hawaii, tsunami, submarine landslide nationallicence Felton E. A. Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, School of Ocean and Earth Sciences and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawaii, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, U.S.A. E-mail: anne@soest.hawaii.edu, US aut Crook K. A. W. Hawaii Undersea Research Laboratory, School of Ocean and Earth Sciences and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawaii, 1000 Pope Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, U.S.A. E-mail: crook@soest.hawaii.edu, US aut Keating B. H. Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, School of Ocean and Earth Sciences and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawaii, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, U.S.A. E-mail: keating@soest.hawaii.edu, US aut https://doi.org/10.1007/s000240050025 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s000240050025 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Felton E. A. Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, School of Ocean and Earth Sciences and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawaii, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, U.S.A. E-mail: anne@soest.hawaii.edu, US aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Crook K. A. W. Hawaii Undersea Research Laboratory, School of Ocean and Earth Sciences and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawaii, 1000 Pope Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, U.S.A. E-mail: crook@soest.hawaii.edu, US aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Keating B. H. Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, School of Ocean and Earth Sciences and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawaii, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, U.S.A. E-mail: keating@soest.hawaii.edu, US aut Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer