caa a22 4500 475834666 CHVBK 20180406123850.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170329e20001201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1023/A:1026524307587 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1023/A:1026524307587 Growth of a pupal ectoparasitoid, Diapetimorphaintroita, on an artificial diet: stimulation of growth rate by a lipid extract from host pupae [Elektronische Daten] [S.M. Ferkovich, J. Shapiro, J. Carpenter] An artificial diet used to rear the ectoparasitoid,Diapetimorpha introita, was supplemented withlipids extracted from pupae of the host, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith). The diet alsowas sequentially supplemented with four fatty acids(arachidonic, linoleic, γ-linolenic and oleic),flax oil and Lipid Concentrate® which is used in cellculture. Pupae were homogenized and extracted withchloroform:methanol (2:1 v/v) and after drying downthe chloroform and methanol phases separately, theresidues from each solvent phase were evaluated in theartificial diet. Growth-promoting activity wasobserved in the chloroform phase containing lipids. Diet supplemented with lipid stored at −80 °C, andinsects reared on diet with fresh 1× and 2× extractsdeveloped significantly faster than those reared onthe artificial diet but slower than those reared onhost pupae. The fresh 1× and the 2× extracts alsoenhanced the average weight of the males and females,respectively. Storing the lipids at −20 °C resultedin a loss of activity. A lipid extract from Galleria mellonella pupae increased the averageweight of male and females but did not increase theirdevelopmental rate. Adult emergence was not improvedby any of the dietary additives. None of thecommercial lipid treatments significantly reduceddevelopmental time; however, the γ-linolenicacid-supplemented diet significantly increased theaverage weight of females. TLC analyses of the lipidextract from S. frugiperda revealed lipidsrepresenting four classes of neutral lipids in theextract: triolein, cholesterol, diacylglycerol, andphospholipid. Data from this study indicate thatoptimization and successful utilization of anartificial diet to rear D. introita depends onidentification of host factors required by theparasitic for growth and development. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000 artificial diet nationallicence host nationallicence lipid nationallicence parasitioid nationallicence supplementation nationallicence Spodoptera nationallicence Ferkovich S.M. Center for Medical, Agricultural, and VeterinaryEntomology, USDA-ARS, Gainesville, Florida, USA aut Shapiro J. Center for Medical, Agricultural, and VeterinaryEntomology, USDA-ARS, Gainesville, Florida, USA aut Carpenter J. Insect Biology & Population Management ResearchLaboratory, USDA-ARS, Tighten, Georgia, USA aut BioControl Kluwer Academic Publishers 45/4(2000-12-01), 401-413 1386-6141 45:4<401 2000 45 10526 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026524307587 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026524307587 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ferkovich S.M. Center for Medical, Agricultural, and VeterinaryEntomology, USDA-ARS, Gainesville, Florida, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Shapiro J. Center for Medical, Agricultural, and VeterinaryEntomology, USDA-ARS, Gainesville, Florida, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Carpenter J. Insect Biology & Population Management ResearchLaboratory, USDA-ARS, Tighten, Georgia, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- BioControl Kluwer Academic Publishers 45/4(2000-12-01), 401-413 1386-6141 45:4<401 2000 45 10526 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer