caa a22 4500 475845943 CHVBK 20180406123914.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170329e20000901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/PL00000625 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/PL00000625 Generalized immunosuppression: how viruses undermine the immune response [Elektronische Daten] [D. Naniche*, M. B. A. Oldstone] Abstract.: Following infection, a virus must battle against the host's immune response. Viruses have developed many ways to escape immune surveillance and downregulate the host's immune response. Some viruses cause a generalized immunosuppression, thereby inhibiting or depressing the immune response towards themselves as well as towards unrelated pathogens. This review will focus on the mechanisms involved in the three main human viral infections causing immunosuppression: measles, human immunodeficiency virus and cytomegalovirus. We will also discuss what has been learned from the extensively studied mouse models of viral-induced immunosuppression: lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and Rauscher Leukemia Virus. All of these viruses that induce generalized immunosuppression appear to do so by very similar mechanisms. They hinder antigen presentation to T cells and/or hematopoiesis. We will highlight the similarities in the viral targets as well as present evidence for alternate mechanisms. Birkhäuser Verlag Basel,, 2000 Key words. Immunology nationallicence immunosuppression nationallicence virus nationallicence infection nationallicence Naniche* D. Division of Virology, Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, IMM6, 10466 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla (California 92037, USA), Fax +1 858 784 9981, e-mail: naniche@scripps.edu, US aut Oldstone M. B. A. Division of Virology, Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, IMM6, 10466 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla (California 92037, USA), Fax +1 858 784 9981, e-mail: naniche@scripps.edu, US aut https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00000625 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00000625 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Naniche* D. Division of Virology, Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, IMM6, 10466 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla (California 92037, USA), Fax +1 858 784 9981, e-mail: naniche@scripps.edu, US aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Oldstone M. B. A. Division of Virology, Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, IMM6, 10466 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla (California 92037, USA), Fax +1 858 784 9981, e-mail: naniche@scripps.edu, US aut Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer