caa a22 4500 475846494 CHVBK 20180406123915.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170329e20001001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/PL00000645 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/PL00000645 Ras proteins in the control of the cell cycle and cell differentiation [Elektronische Daten] [P. Crespo, J. León] Abstract.: The Ras family of small GTPases includes three closely related proteins: H-, K-, and N-Ras. Ras proteins are involved in the transduction of signals elicited by activated surface receptors, acting as key components by relaying signals downstream through diverse pathways. Mutant, constitutively activated forms of Ras proteins are frequently found in cancer. While constitutive Ras activation induces oncogenic-like transformation in immortalized fibroblasts, it causes growth arrest in primary vertebrate cells. Induction of p53 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors such as p15INK4b, p16INK4a, p19ARF, and p21WAF1 accounts for this response. Interestingly, while ras has usually been regarded as a transforming oncogene, the analysis of Ras function in most of the cellular systems studied so far indicates that the promotion of differentiation is the most prominent effect of Ras. While in some cell types, particularly muscle, Ras inhibits differentiation, in others such as neuronal, adipocytic, or myeloid cells, Ras induces differentiation, in some cases accompanied by growth arrest. Several possible mechanisms for the pleiotropic effects of Ras in animal cells are discussed. Birkhäuser Verlag Basel,, 2000 Key words. Ras nationallicence cell cycle nationallicence differentiation nationallicence Crespo P. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, CSIC, Madrid (Spain), ES aut León J. Grupo de Biologı´a Molecular del Cáncer, Dpto. de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Unidad Asociada al Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Facultad de Medicina, 39011 Santander (Spain), Fax +34 942 201945, e-mail: leonj@unican.es, ES aut https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00000645 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00000645 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Crespo P. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, CSIC, Madrid (Spain), ES aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- León J. Grupo de Biologı´a Molecular del Cáncer, Dpto. de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Unidad Asociada al Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Facultad de Medicina, 39011 Santander (Spain), Fax +34 942 201945, e-mail: leonj@unican.es, ES aut Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer