caa a22 4500 475846869 CHVBK 20180406123916.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170329e20001101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1023/A:1016673003237 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1023/A:1016673003237 The evaluation of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale: Depressed and Positive Affect in cancer patients and healthy reference subjects [Elektronische Daten] [Maya Schroevers, Robbert Sanderman, Eric van Sonderen, Adelita Ranchor] This study examined the reliability and validity of a two-factor structure of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. The study was conducted in a large group of cancer patients (n = 475) and a matched reference group (n = 255). Both groups filled in a questionnaire at two points in time; patients 3 and 15 months after diagnosis. Factor analysis confirmed our hypothesis that the 16 negatively and four positively formulated items measure two relatively independent factors, i.e. Depressed Affect and Positive Affect. Therefore, these items should not be combined into an overall sumscore. In both groups, Depressed Affect proved to be a reliable and valid measure of depressive symptomatology, as indicated by its good internal consistency, its strong correlations with other measures of psychological distress and neuroticism, and its effectiveness in discriminating patients from the reference group on depressive symptomatology. In contrast, the validity of the Positive Affect factor could not be confirmed, since it was only weakly related to other measures of psychological distress and extraversion. Depressed and Positive Affect were about equally related to self-esteem, life satisfaction, and quality of life. These findings support the use of a sumscore based on the 16 negatively formulated CES-D items as a more valid measure of depressive symptomatology, in cancer patients and in healthy individuals from the general population. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000 Cancer nationallicence Depression nationallicence Positive Affect nationallicence The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression(CES-D) scale nationallicence Schroevers Maya Northern Centre for Healthcare Research, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands aut Sanderman Robbert Northern Centre for Healthcare Research, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands aut van Sonderen Eric Northern Centre for Healthcare Research, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands aut Ranchor Adelita Northern Centre for Healthcare Research, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands aut Quality of Life Research Kluwer Academic Publishers 9/9(2000-11-01), 1015-1029 0962-9343 9:9<1015 2000 9 11136 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016673003237 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016673003237 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Schroevers Maya Northern Centre for Healthcare Research, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sanderman Robbert Northern Centre for Healthcare Research, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- van Sonderen Eric Northern Centre for Healthcare Research, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ranchor Adelita Northern Centre for Healthcare Research, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Quality of Life Research Kluwer Academic Publishers 9/9(2000-11-01), 1015-1029 0962-9343 9:9<1015 2000 9 11136 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer