caa a22 4500 477054331 CHVBK 20180405111344.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19960901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF02592977 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF02592977 Gruss H. Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Ulm Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Strasse 8, D-89081, Ulm, Germany aut Molecular, structural, and biological characteristics of the tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily [Elektronische Daten] [H. Gruss] The tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily at present consists of ten different transmembrane (type I) glycoproteins with characteristic limited sequence homology for the cysteine-rich repeats in the extracellular domain. In parallel the tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily has been recognized by discovery of ligands for all members of the receptor superfamily. These molecules are also transmembrane (type II) glycoproteins, with the exception of lymphotoxin-α which is the only entirely secreted protein of the tumor necrosis factor-like proteins. Several members of the ligand superfamily, including tumor necrosis factor and CD95L also exist in a biologically active soluble form. The tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily contains at present ten different proteins. In addition, NGFR p75 binds to a second family of proteins (neurotrophins). These nerve growth factor-like dimeric soluble molecules are basic neurotrophic factors and the five members (NGF, BDNF, NT-3, NT-4, NT-5) are not related to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily ligands. The members of the tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily (TNF, LT-α, LT-β, CD27L, CD30L, CD40L, CD95L, 4-1BB, OX40L, TRAIL) share common biological activities, but some properties are shared by only some ligands, while others are unique. The diverse biological activities but some properties are shared by only some ligands, while others are unique. The diverse biological activities triggered through tumor necrosis factor receptors have been linked to the regulation of cellular activation, including immune responses and inflammatory reactions, but also with the pathology of a series of human diseases. Springer-Verlag, 1996 Tumor necrosis factor nationallicence Ligands nationallicence Receptors nationallicence Biology nationallicence Human diseases nationallicence International Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Research Springer-Verlag 26/3(1996-09-01), 143-159 0940-5437 26:3<143 1996 26 599 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02592977 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02592977 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Gruss H. Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Ulm Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Strasse 8, D-89081, Ulm, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- International Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Research Springer-Verlag 26/3(1996-09-01), 143-159 0940-5437 26:3<143 1996 26 599 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer