caa a22 4500 477057772 CHVBK 20180405111351.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19960701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s002280050131 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s002280050131 Ivermectin distribution in the plasma and tissues of patients infected with Onchocerca volvulus [Elektronische Daten] [O. Z. Baraka, B. M. Mahmoud, C. K. Marschke, T. G. Geary, M. M. A. Homeida, J. F. Williams] Objective: To determine the distribution of ivermectin in plasma and tissues of onchocerciasis patients following a single oral dose of 150 μg kg−1. Setting: Medical Department at Soba University Hospital, Khartoum. Patients: Twenty five patients and fourteen healthy volunteers. Methods: Serial blood samples were obtained from both groups. Tissue samples were removed from various patients as full thickness skin punch biopsies or during nodulectomy. Ivermectin concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay. Results: The plasma pharmacokinetic variables for patients were; maximum plasma concentration 52.0 ng ml−1; time to achieve maximum concentration, 5.2 h.; elimination half life, 35.0 h; and the area under the plasma concentration curve versus time, 2852 ng⋅h ml−1. In healthy volunteers, the plasma ivermectin distribution was similar to that in patients, and both groups showed a tendency for a second rise in plasma concentration of the drug suggestive of enterohepatic recirculation. Ivermectin was detected in tissues obtained from patients. Fat showed the highest and most persistent levels, whilst values for skin, nodular tissues, and worms were comparable. Subcutaneous fascia contained the lowest concentrations. Conclusion: Infection with O. volvulus does not affect the pharmacokinetics of ivermectin, and filarial infected tissues and parasites themselves do take up the drug. There may be prolonged retention of ivermectin because of depot formation in fat tissue. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 1996 Key words Ivermectin nationallicence Onchocerciasis nationallicence pharmacokinetics nationallicence tissue concentration nationallicence enterohepatic nationallicence Baraka O. Z. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, 102, Khartoum, Sudan aut Mahmoud B. M. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan aut Marschke C. K. The UpJohn Company, Kalamazoo, MI, USA aut Geary T. G. The UpJohn Company, Kalamazoo, MI, USA aut Homeida M. M. A. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, 102, Khartoum, Sudan aut Williams J. F. Microbiology, Michigan State University, E. Lansing, MI, USA aut https://doi.org/10.1007/s002280050131 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s002280050131 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Baraka O. Z. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, 102, Khartoum, Sudan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mahmoud B. M. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Marschke C. K. The UpJohn Company, Kalamazoo, MI, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Geary T. G. The UpJohn Company, Kalamazoo, MI, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Homeida M. M. A. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, 102, Khartoum, Sudan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Williams J. F. Microbiology, Michigan State University, E. Lansing, MI, USA aut Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer