caa a22 4500 477061036 CHVBK 20180405111400.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19960501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00053823 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00053823 Water-soluble organics in atmospheric particles: A critical review of the literature and application of thermodynamics to identify candidate compounds [Elektronische Daten] [Pradeep Saxena, Lynn Hildemann] Although organic compounds typically constitute a substantial fraction of the fine particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere, their molecular composition remains poorly characterized. This is largely because atmospheric particles contain a myriad of diverse organic compounds, not all of which extract in a single solvent or elute through a gas chromatograph; therefore, a substantial portion typically remains unanalyzed. Most often the chemical analysis is performed on a fraction that extracts in organic solvents such as benzene, ether or hexane; consequently, information on the molecular composition of the water-soluble fraction is particularly sparse and incomplete. This paper investigates theoretically the characteristics of the water-soluble fraction by splicing together various strands of information from the literature. We identify specific compounds that are likely to contribute to the water-soluble fraction by juxtaposing observations regarding the extraction characteristics and the molecular composition of atmospheric particulate organics with compound-specific solubility and condensibility for a wide variety of organics. The results show that water-soluble organics, which constitute a substantial fraction of the total organic mass, include C2 to C7 multifunctional compounds (e.g., diacids, polyols, amino acids). The importance of diacids is already recognized; our results provide an impetus for new experiments to establish the atmospheric concentrations and sources of polyols, amino acids and other oxygenated multifunctional compounds. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996 organic particle composition nationallicence water-soluble organics nationallicence hygroscopic organics nationallicence Henry's law constants nationallicence organic solubility nationallicence polyols nationallicence multifunctional compounds nationallicence Saxena Pradeep Environmental and Water Studies Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, 94305-4020, Stanford, CA, U.S.A. aut Hildemann Lynn Environmental and Water Studies Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, 94305-4020, Stanford, CA, U.S.A. aut Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry Kluwer Academic Publishers; gopher://gopher.wkap.nl 24/1(1996-05-01), 57-109 0167-7764 24:1<57 1996 24 10874 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00053823 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00053823 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Saxena Pradeep Environmental and Water Studies Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, 94305-4020, Stanford, CA, U.S.A aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hildemann Lynn Environmental and Water Studies Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, 94305-4020, Stanford, CA, U.S.A aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry Kluwer Academic Publishers; gopher://gopher.wkap.nl/ 24/1(1996-05-01), 57-109 0167-7764 24:1<57 1996 24 10874 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer