caa a22 4500 477061656 CHVBK 20180405111402.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19960301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00226413 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00226413 Effect of external ultrasound frequency on thrombus disruption in vitro [Elektronische Daten] [Huai Luo, Toshihiko Nishioka, Hans Berglund, Chong-Jin Kim, Michele Carbone, Bojan Cercek, Robert Siegel] Objectives: This in vitro study assesses the effect of different external ultrasound frequencies on the disruption of human thrombi. Background: Ultrasound energy has been shown to disrupt human thrombi in vitro. However, there have been no previous studies to assess the effect of a range of different ultrasound frequencies on the rate and extent of thrombus disruption. Methods: In vitro, we exposed 56, 1- to 3-hour-old human blood thrombi to continuous wave ultra-sound (2.9 W/cm2) for 3 minutes. Seven different frequencies, ranging from 243 kHz to 25 kHz, were used. Results: There was a gradual increase in the total reduction of thrombus weight as well as the percent thrombus disruption with the use of lower ultrasound frequencies, reaching 99% at 25 kHz (p < 0.001) and 86% (p < 0.001) at 39 kHz, compared with 25% at 243 kHz. The average particle size of the disrupted thrombi was 3.26 μm (range 2.8-3.8). Conclusions: Our in vitro data with external ultrasound show that for a given power intensity of ultrasound, the extent and magnitude of thrombus disruption is progressively increased as frequencies decrease from 243 to 25 kHz. This might be related to the fact that larger acoustic bubbles are induced by lower frequency ultrasound, which gives rise to greater mechanical energy for thrombus disruption during bubble vibration and their collapse. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996 ultrasound nationallicence frequency nationallicence thrombus nationallicence Luo Huai Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA aut Nishioka Toshihiko Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA aut Berglund Hans Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA aut Kim Chong-Jin Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA aut Carbone Michele Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA aut Cercek Bojan Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA aut Siegel Robert Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA aut Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis Kluwer Academic Publishers 3/1(1996-03-01), 63-66 0929-5305 3:1<63 1996 3 11239 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00226413 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00226413 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Luo Huai Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Nishioka Toshihiko Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Berglund Hans Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kim Chong-Jin Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Carbone Michele Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cercek Bojan Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Siegel Robert Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis Kluwer Academic Publishers 3/1(1996-03-01), 63-66 0929-5305 3:1<63 1996 3 11239 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer