caa a22 4500 477066852 CHVBK 20180405111415.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19961201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF02354161 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF02354161 Liborakina Marina Information Center of the Independent Women's Forum in Russia, M. Djálil, 5-1-397, Moscow, Russia aut Women's voluntarism and philanthropy in pre-revolutionary Russia: building a civil society [Elektronische Daten] [Marina Liborakina] Historically, civil activism was primarily shaped illegally in Russia, through the revolutionary underground under tsarism, and via dissident movement under the Soviet regime. Among legal enterprises, philanthropy maintained an orientation toward gradualist social change and mutual support. Women have played a major role in philanthropy and voluntary activities in Russia. Compared to European and American women, Russian women enjoyed far more extensive property rights which defined different strategies for gaining access to public space. Women's philanthropy made its greatest impact on public policy-making agendas not through maternalistic programmes for mothers and children but through education of women and girls, and support of women entering the job market. However, their contribution, especially in its civic aspects, has been undervalued for many reasons, particularly in the interpretation of a powerful ethos of female self-sacrifice peculiar to Russian women as a basic motive of women's voluntarism. This article challenges this interpretation and instead portrays women in philanthropy and voluntary activity as agents of social change. International Society for third-Sector Research (ISTR), 1996 Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations Kluwer Academic Publishers 7/4(1996-12-01), 397-411 0957-8765 7:4<397 1996 7 11266 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02354161 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02354161 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Liborakina Marina Information Center of the Independent Women's Forum in Russia, M. Djálil, 5-1-397, Moscow, Russia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations Kluwer Academic Publishers 7/4(1996-12-01), 397-411 0957-8765 7:4<397 1996 7 11266 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer