caa a22 4500 477073468 CHVBK 20180405111432.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19960601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF02764245 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF02764245 Natural enemies of Tomicus Piniperda and Ips acuminatus (Col, scolytidae) on Pinus sylvestris near orléans, france: Temporal occurrence and relative abundance, and notes on eight predatory species [Elektronische Daten] [F. Herard, G. Mercadier] Ennemis naturels de Tomicus piniperda et Ips acuminatus (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) sur pin sylvestre près d'Orléans, France Abondance relative et variations temporelles, et notes sur huit espèces prédatrices Ips acuminatus (Gyllenhall) andTomicus piniperda (L.) were the main scolytid beetles in Scots pine,Pinus sylvestris L., outbreak areas near Orléans, France during 1978-1979.Ips acuminatus attacked thin-bark logs whileT. piniperda attacked thick-bark logs. More than 150 species of insects were associated with these scolytids. Forty-five species (31 predators and 14 parasitoids) were confirmed as natural enemies of bark beetles. Three predators were abundant:Thanasimus formicarius L. (Col.: Cleridae),Rhizophagus depressus (F.) (Col.: Rhizophagidae) andMedetera spp. (Dipt.: Dolichopodidae). The first two were especially frequent in galleries ofT. piniperda, whileMedetera spp. were more abundant in galleries ofI. acuminatus. The main parasitoids wereRhopalicus tutela (Walker) andR. brevicornis Thomson (Hym.: Pteromalidae),Coeloides abdominalis Zetterstedt andC. melanostigma Strand,Dendrosoter middendorfi Ratzeburg andD. hartigii Ratzeburg, andSpathius rubidus Rossi (Hym.: Braconidae). These parasitoids are polyphagous. However,C. abdominalis was obtained fromT. piniperda but not fromI. acuminatus, while 5.rubidus andD. hartigii were obtained fromI. acuminatus but not fromT. piniperda. Temporal and relative abundance of natural enemies ofT. piniperda andI. acuminatus were studied. The predatorsR. depressus andT. formicarius had complementary limiting effects on bark beetles as adults and larvae ofR. depressus fed mainly on scolytid eggs, whileT. formicarius adults attacked scolytid adults and the clerid larvae preyed upon scolytid larvae. The predatory pressure applied byT. formicarius andR. depressus toT. piniperda early during the spring was later complemented by a series of parasitoids and other predators. This sequential timing of the natural enemies ofT. piniperda suggests that the interactions among the guild are more complementary than adverse. Differential timing of the natural enemies in logs infested byI. acuminatus and some evidence of competition between the predatorsMedetera spp. and parasitoids suggested a less effective control of this scolytid. Number and duration of larval instars were determined, and measurements of predatory activity were made forThanasimus formicarius, Rhizophagus depressus,Hypophloeus fraxini Kugelann (Col.: Tenebrionidae),Platysoma frontale Paykull (Col.: Histeridae), andXylocoris cursitans (Fallen) (Het.: Anthocoridae). Predatory activity was evaluated for last instar larvae and adults ofScoloposcelis obscurella (Zetterstedt) (Het.: Anthocoridae), and for last instar larvae ofMedetera sp. andLonchaea collini Hackman (Dipt.: Lonchaeidae) Lavoisier Abonnements, 1996 Pinus sylvestris nationallicence Tomicus piniperda nationallicence Ips acuminatus nationallicence Scolytidae nationallicence natural enemies nationallicence Herard F. European Biological Control Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Parc Scientifique Agropolis II, 34397, Montpellier Cedex 5, France aut Mercadier G. European Biological Control Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Parc Scientifique Agropolis II, 34397, Montpellier Cedex 5, France aut Entomophaga Springer Netherlands 41/2(1996-06-01), 183-210 0013-8959 41:2<183 1996 41 10526 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02764245 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02764245 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Herard F. European Biological Control Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Parc Scientifique Agropolis II, 34397, Montpellier Cedex 5, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mercadier G. European Biological Control Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Parc Scientifique Agropolis II, 34397, Montpellier Cedex 5, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Entomophaga Springer Netherlands 41/2(1996-06-01), 183-210 0013-8959 41:2<183 1996 41 10526 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer