caa a22 4500 477084168 CHVBK 20180405111458.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19960501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF01919307 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF01919307 Wegener G. Institut für Zoologie, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, Saarstrasse 21, D-55099, Mainz, (Germany) aut Flying insects: model systems in exercise physiology [Elektronische Daten] [G. Wegener] Insect flight is the most energy-demanding exercise known. It requires very effective coupling of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis and regeneration in the working flight muscles.31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of locust flight muscle in vivo has shown that flight causes only a small decrease in the content of ATP, whereas the free concentrations of inorganic phosphate (P i ), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) were estimated to increase by about 3-, 5- and 27-fold, respectively. These metabolites are potent activators of glycogen phosphorylase and phosphofructokinase (PFK). Activation of glycolysis by AMP and P i is reinforced synergistically by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6P2), a very potent activator of PFK. During prolonged flight locusts gradually change from using carbohydrate to lipids as their main fuel. This requires a decrease in glycolytic flux which is brought about, at least in part, by a marked decrease in the content of F2,6P2 in flight muscle (by 80% within 15 min of flight). The synthesis of F2,6P2 in flight muscle can be stimulated by the nervous system via the biogenic amine octopamine. Octopamine and F2,6P2 seem to be part of a mechanism to control the rate of carbohydrate oxidation in flight muscle and thus function in the metabolic integration of insect flight. Birkhäuser Verlag, 1996 Insect flight nationallicence aerobic exercise nationallicence glycogen phosphorylase nationallicence regulation of glycolysis nationallicence 31P NMR spectroscopy nationallicence fructose 2,6-bisphosphate nationallicence phosphofructokinase nationallicence mitochondrial metabolism nationallicence Experientia Birkhäuser-Verlag 52/5(1996-05-01), 404-412 0014-4754 52:5<404 1996 52 18 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01919307 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01919307 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Wegener G. Institut für Zoologie, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, Saarstrasse 21, D-55099, Mainz, (Germany) aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Experientia Birkhäuser-Verlag 52/5(1996-05-01), 404-412 0014-4754 52:5<404 1996 52 18 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer