caa a22 4500 47708964X CHVBK 20180405111513.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19960401xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF02254957 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF02254957 Evolution of dosage compensation [Elektronische Daten] [Manfred Steinemann, Sigrid Steinemann, Bryan Turner] In polytene chromosome squashes from the fruit flyDrosophila melanogaster, the single, dosage-compensated X chromosome in males can be distinguished from the autosomes by the presence of an isoform of histone H4 acetylated at lysine 16, H4.Ac16. We have used H4.Ac16 as a marker to examine the evolving relationship between dosage compensation and sex chromosome composition in species ofDrosophila with one (D. melanogaster), two (D. pseudoobscura) or three (D. miranda) identifiable X chromosome arms. In each case, we find that H4.Ac16 is distributed as discrete, closely spaced bands along the entire length of each X chromosome, the only exception being the X2 chromosome ofD. miranda in which a terminal region constituting about 10% of the chromosome by length is not labelled with anti-H4.Ac16 antibodies. We conclude that, with this exception, dosage compensation extends along the X chromosomes of all three species. AsD. pseudoobscura andD. miranda diverged only about 2 Mya, the spread of dosage-compensated loci along X2 has been rapid, suggesting that regional changes rather than piecemeal, gene-by-gene, changes may have been involved. Rapid Science Publishers, 1996 sex chromosome evolution nationallicence dosage compensation nationallicence Drosophila nationallicence histone acetylation nationallicence X chromosome nationallicence Steinemann Manfred Institut für Genetik, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse, 1, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany aut Steinemann Sigrid Institut für Genetik, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse, 1, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany aut Turner Bryan Chromatin and Gene Expression Group, Department of Anatomy, University of Birmingham Medical School, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK aut Chromosome Research Kluwer Academic Publishers 4/3(1996-04-01), 185-190 0967-3849 4:3<185 1996 4 10577 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02254957 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02254957 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Steinemann Manfred Institut für Genetik, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse, 1, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Steinemann Sigrid Institut für Genetik, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse, 1, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Turner Bryan Chromatin and Gene Expression Group, Department of Anatomy, University of Birmingham Medical School, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Chromosome Research Kluwer Academic Publishers 4/3(1996-04-01), 185-190 0967-3849 4:3<185 1996 4 10577 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer