caa a22 4500 477095151 CHVBK 20180405111525.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19960101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00186829 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00186829 Brain cooling in humans — anatomical considerations [Elektronische Daten] [Wolfgang Zenker, Stefan Kubik] Vascular arrangements allowing a bulky transfer of venous blood from the skin of the head and from nasal and paranasal mucous membranes to the dura mater provide an excellent anatomical basis for the convection process of cooling, caused by evaporation of sweat or mucus. The dura mater, with its extraordinarily high vascularization controlled by a potent vasomotor apparatus, may transmit temperature changes to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) compartment. Temperature gradients of the CSF may in turn influence the temperature of brain parenchyma (1) directly, along the extensive contact area between the cerebrocortical surface and the CSF-compartment, or (2) indirectly, via brain arteries that extend over long distances and arborize within the subarachnoid space before entering the pial vascular network and brain parenchyma. Numerous subarachnoid and pial arterial branches exposed to the CSF have diameters in the range of the vessels of the retia mirabilia of animals in which selective brain cooling has been clearly established experimentally. It is also shown that the arrangements of venous plexuses within the vertebral canal provide anatomical preconditions for a cooling of the spinal cord via the CSF. The possibility of spinal cord and spinal ganglia cooling by temperature convection via venous blood — cooled in the venous networks of the skin of the backflowing through numerous anastomoses to the external and internal vertebral plexuses and, finally, into the vascular bed of the spinal dura is discussed on the basis of anatomical facts. Springer-Verlag, 1996 Brain cooling nationallicence Meninges nationallicence Meningeal vessels nationallicence Brain vessels nationallicence Cerebrospinal fluid nationallicence Dural nerves nationallicence Zenker Wolfgang Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland aut Kubik Stefan Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland aut Anatomy and Embryology Springer-Verlag 193/1(1996-01-01), 1-13 0340-2061 193:1<1 1996 193 429 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00186829 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00186829 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zenker Wolfgang Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kubik Stefan Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Anatomy and Embryology Springer-Verlag 193/1(1996-01-01), 1-13 0340-2061 193:1<1 1996 193 429 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer