caa a22 4500 477105513 CHVBK 20180405111552.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19961101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF01574778 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF01574778 Solving the problem of how to eat something as big as yourself: Diverse bacterial strategies for degrading polysaccharides [Elektronische Daten] [A Salyers, A Reeves, J D'Elia] Polysaccharide digestion by bacteria is an important activity in many ecosystems, and a number of bacterial genera can perform this function. Although many papers have been published about the properties of isolated polysaccharide-degrading enzymes, relatively little is known about how intact bacteria degrade polysaccharides. This review summarizes recent findings suggesting that there are at least three different strategies. the most familiar one is the excretion of extracellular polysaccharidases, which diffuse to and degrade nearby polysaccharides. An example of this type of strategy is provided by the plant pathogen,Erwinia spp. A second strategy is to have the enzyme exposed to the extracellular medium but attached to the surface of the cell. Examples of this strategy are provided by the pullulanase system ofKlebsiella oxytoca and the cellulosomes ofClostridium thermocellum. A strategy that could be seen as a combination of the extracellular enzyme strategy and the surface organelle strategy is provided byVibrio harveyi, which attaches to its substrate, chitin, via proteins that appear to be specialized for attachment and produces extracellular enzymes that attack the chitin. A third strategy is to import the polysaccharide, as appears to be done byBacteroides spp. In this instance, the polysaccharide is bound to an outer membrane receptor, then passes into the periplasm where the degradative enzymes are located. The ecological advantages and disadvantages of these systems are discussed, and areas where further research is needed are defined. Society for Industrial Microbiology, 1996 polysaccharide-degradation nationallicence bacterial nationallicence mechanisms nationallicence ecology nationallicence Salyers A. Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, 61801, Urbana, IL, USA aut Reeves A. Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, 61801, Urbana, IL, USA aut D'Elia J. Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, 61801, Urbana, IL, USA aut Journal of Industrial Microbiology Springer-Verlag 17/5-6(1996-11-01), 470-476 0169-4146 17:5-6<470 1996 17 10295 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01574778 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01574778 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Salyers A. Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, 61801, Urbana, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Reeves A. Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, 61801, Urbana, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- D'Elia J. Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, 61801, Urbana, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Industrial Microbiology Springer-Verlag 17/5-6(1996-11-01), 470-476 0169-4146 17:5-6<470 1996 17 10295 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer