caa a22 4500 477107893 CHVBK 20180405111600.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19960401xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF01420311 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF01420311 Coaxial insulated bipolar electrode for monopolar and bipolar mapping of neural tissue: Technical note with emphasis on the principles of intra-operative stimulation [Elektronische Daten] [G. Schekutiev, U. Schmid] Summary: To facilitate use of various stimulation modes for intra-operative monitoring during neurosurgical procedures, we designed and produced a variable stimulation system that consists of a coaxial bipolar flush-tip insulated stimulation electrode, and a switch box to administer monopolar or bipolar stimulation through the same stimulation electrode. The electrode is composed of components that are readily available, so that its construction can be duplicated by others at minimal expense. For mapping of neural tissue during surgical procedures, we use the monopolar stimulation mode to identify relative large areas around the site of stimulation which are free of motor nerve fibres. The bipolar stimulation mode is most useful for precise localization of motor nerve fibres and in distinguishing motor from non-motor fibres. Springer-Verlag, 1996 Electrical stimulation nationallicence nerve nationallicence neurography nationallicence neuromonitoring nationallicence brain stem nationallicence cauda equina nationallicence Schekutiev G. N.N. Burdenko Institute of Neurosurgery RAM, Moscow, Russia aut Schmid U. Department of Neurosurgery, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany aut Acta Neurochirurgica Springer-Verlag 138/4(1996-04-01), 470-474 0001-6268 138:4<470 1996 138 701 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01420311 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01420311 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Schekutiev G. N.N. Burdenko Institute of Neurosurgery RAM, Moscow, Russia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Schmid U. Department of Neurosurgery, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Acta Neurochirurgica Springer-Verlag 138/4(1996-04-01), 470-474 0001-6268 138:4<470 1996 138 701 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer