caa a22 4500 477111505 CHVBK 20180405111610.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19960301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00015421 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00015421 Spatial distribution of ectomycorrhizal mats in coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest, USA [Elektronische Daten] [Robert Griffiths, Gay Bradshaw, Barbara Marks, George Lienkaemper] Ectomycorrhizal mats in forest soils have a wide global distribution and have been noted as potentially important elements in forest soil nutrient cycling. To elucidate the relationship between ectomycorrhizal mats and their environment, we undertook field studies and spatial analyses of mat distributions at different spatial scales. We used two experimental approaches to study mat-forming ectomycorrhizal fungi in coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest in the United States. In the first approach, ectomycorrhizal mats and other forest floor features were mapped in 2 × 10 m plots and digitized into a geographical information system (GIS) for spatial pattern analysis. In order to examine larger-scale phenomena, a second approach involving other sites was taken; soil cores were taken along 30-m transects, and distance to the closest living potential host tree was calculated for each core. Mat patterns were studied at two scales: (1) within-stand level (i.e. variability attributed to distribution of other mat species, forest floor attributes, and understory vegetation); and (2) stand level (i.e. variability expressed along a successional gradient). Mat distribution was influenced by: (1) the proximity of one mat to another; (2) the distance from the mat to the closest living tree; (3) the density of living trees in a stand; and (4) the successional stage of the stand. Although GIS analysis indicated that mats of different morphologies did not physically overlap, there was a tendency for clustering of mats. No apparent correlations were observed between forest floor features and mats located within the 2 × 10 m grids. On the scale of tens of meters, mats decreased with distance from the closest potential host tree. Spatial patterns of mat distributions in harvested sites suggest that these mats may persist at least 2 years after their host trees have been cut. For Gautieria mats, total mat area, size, and frequency differed with stand age. This study has demonstrated the importance of both spatial scaling and forest stand age when the natural distribution of mycorrhizal fungi is examined. Results suggest the need for mat research directed at higher-order scales (e.g. stand and watershed) that will provide accurate information for managing forests to ensure their survival and normal function. ei]J H Graham Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996 ectomycorrhizal mats nationallicence geographic information system nationallicence geostatistical analysis nationallicence spatial patterns nationallicence Griffiths Robert Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, 97331, Corvallis, OR, USA aut Bradshaw Gay Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 3200 Jefferson Way, 97331, Corvallis, OR, USA aut Marks Barbara Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, 97331, Corvallis, OR, USA aut Lienkaemper George Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 3200 Jefferson Way, 97331, Corvallis, OR, USA aut Plant and Soil Kluwer Academic Publishers; gopher://gopher.wkap.nl 180/1(1996-03-01), 147-158 0032-079X 180:1<147 1996 180 11104 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00015421 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00015421 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Griffiths Robert Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, 97331, Corvallis, OR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bradshaw Gay Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 3200 Jefferson Way, 97331, Corvallis, OR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Marks Barbara Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, 97331, Corvallis, OR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lienkaemper George Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 3200 Jefferson Way, 97331, Corvallis, OR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Plant and Soil Kluwer Academic Publishers; gopher://gopher.wkap.nl/ 180/1(1996-03-01), 147-158 0032-079X 180:1<147 1996 180 11104 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer