caa a22 4500 477111866 CHVBK 20180405111611.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19961101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00011655 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00011655 Roots of willow ( Salix viminalis L.) show marked tolerance to oxygen shortage in flooded soils and in solution culture [Elektronische Daten] [Michael Jackson, Paul Attwood] Responses to soil flooding and oxygen shortage were studied in field, glasshouse and controlled environment conditions. Established stools ofSalix viminalis L., were compared at five field sites in close proximity but with contrasting water table levels and flooding intensities during the preceding winter. There was no marked effect of site on shoot extension rate, time to half maximum length or final length attained. When rooted cuttings were waterlogged for 4 weeks in a glasshouse, soil redox potentials quickly decreased to below zero. Shoot extension was slowed after a delay of 20 d, while, in the upper 100 mm of soil, formation and outgrowth of unbranched adventitious roots with enhanced aerenchyma development was promoted after 7 d. At depths of 100-200 mm and 200-300 mm, extension by existing root axes was halted by soil flooding, while adventitious roots from above failed to penetrate these deeper zones. After 4 weeks waterlogging, all arrested root tips recommenced elongation when the soil was drained; their extension rates exceeding those of roots that were well-drained throughout. Growth in fresh mass was also stimulated. The additional aerenchyma found in adventitious roots in the upper 100 mm of soil may have been ethylene regulated since gas space development was inhibited by silver nitrate, an ethylene action inhibitor. The effectiveness of aerenchyma was tested by blocking the entry of atmospheric oxygen into plants with lanolin applied to lenticels of woody shoots of plants grown in solution culture. Root extension was halved, while shoot growth remained unaffected. H Lambers Section editor Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996 aerenchyma nationallicence ethylene nationallicence flooding nationallicence oxygen shortage nationallicence roots nationallicence Salix viminalis nationallicence stress adaptation nationallicence Jackson Michael IACR-Long Ashton Research Station, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bristol, BS 18 9AF, Long Ashton, Bristol, UK aut Attwood Paul IACR-Long Ashton Research Station, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bristol, BS 18 9AF, Long Ashton, Bristol, UK aut Plant and Soil Kluwer Academic Publishers; http://www.wkap.nl 187/1(1996-11-01), 37-45 0032-079X 187:1<37 1996 187 11104 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00011655 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00011655 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jackson Michael IACR-Long Ashton Research Station, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bristol, BS 18 9AF, Long Ashton, Bristol, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Attwood Paul IACR-Long Ashton Research Station, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bristol, BS 18 9AF, Long Ashton, Bristol, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Plant and Soil Kluwer Academic Publishers; http://www.wkap.nl/ 187/1(1996-11-01), 37-45 0032-079X 187:1<37 1996 187 11104 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer