caa a22 4500 477112099 CHVBK 20180405111612.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19960501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00029052 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00029052 Calcium sulfate or coal combustion by-product spread on the soil surface to reduce evaporation, mitigate subsoil acidity and improve plant growth [Elektronische Daten] [K. Ritchey, R. Korcak, C. Feldhake, V. Baligar, R. Clark] Removal of sulfur dioxide from flue gas produced by coal-burning power plants has increased the availability of by-products that may be useful as soil amendments for agriculture. We studied the effects of surface layers (caps) of fluidized bed combustion residue-fly ash mixture (FBCR-FA) or calcium sulfate on reduction of evaporative water losses and improvements in subsurface acid soil chemical characteristics. Caps 3.8 cm thick of porous FBCR-FA, hydrated commercial calcium sulfate (CCS), or soil (check) were placed on columns of coarse-loamy, mixed, mesic Umbric Dystrochrept soil of pH 4.2. After the addition of 40 cm of water during a 16-week period, mean daily water loss from the column with the FBCR-FA cap was 0.51 mm compared to 0.98 mm in the check. Mean increase in soil exchangeable Ca in the 5- to 40-cm depth for the CCS treatment was 0.83 cmolc kg−1 and mean pH (H2O) increase was 0.21 units. Mean KCl-extractable Al decreased from 6.08 to 5.52 cmolc kg−1. Roots of sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) planted in the columns after removal of the caps reached 2 cm depth in the control, 18 cm in the FBCR-FA and 38 cm in the CCS treated columns after 47 days of growth. The gypsum cap was effective in improving deep rooting in acid soils and the FBCR-FA cap reduced evaporative water losses. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996 aluminium toxicity nationallicence evaporation retardation nationallicence fly ash, gypsum nationallicence soil acidity nationallicence Sorghum bicolor nationallicence FBCR-FA : fluidized bed combustion residue-fly ash mixture nationallicence CCS : hydrated commercial calcium sulfate nationallicence ICP : inductively coupled plasma nationallicence GLM : general linear models nationallicence Ritchey K. Appalachian Soil and Water Conservation Research Laboratory, USDA ARS, 25802-0867, Beckley, WV, USA aut Korcak R. Fruit Laboratory, Bldg. 004, BARC-W, 20705-2350, Beltsville, MD, USA aut Feldhake C. Appalachian Soil and Water Conservation Research Laboratory, USDA ARS, 25802-0867, Beckley, WV, USA aut Baligar V. Appalachian Soil and Water Conservation Research Laboratory, USDA ARS, 25802-0867, Beckley, WV, USA aut Clark R. Appalachian Soil and Water Conservation Research Laboratory, USDA ARS, 25802-0867, Beckley, WV, USA aut Plant and Soil Kluwer Academic Publishers; gopher://gopher.wkap.nl 182/2(1996-05-01), 209-219 0032-079X 182:2<209 1996 182 11104 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00029052 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00029052 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ritchey K. Appalachian Soil and Water Conservation Research Laboratory, USDA ARS, 25802-0867, Beckley, WV, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Korcak R. Fruit Laboratory, Bldg. 004, BARC-W, 20705-2350, Beltsville, MD, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Feldhake C. Appalachian Soil and Water Conservation Research Laboratory, USDA ARS, 25802-0867, Beckley, WV, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Baligar V. Appalachian Soil and Water Conservation Research Laboratory, USDA ARS, 25802-0867, Beckley, WV, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Clark R. Appalachian Soil and Water Conservation Research Laboratory, USDA ARS, 25802-0867, Beckley, WV, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Plant and Soil Kluwer Academic Publishers; gopher://gopher.wkap.nl/ 182/2(1996-05-01), 209-219 0032-079X 182:2<209 1996 182 11104 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer