caa a22 4500 477115527 CHVBK 20180405111621.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19960701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00004998 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00004998 The life history of the tropical shad Tenualosa toli from Sarawak: first evidence of protandry in the Clupeiformes? [Elektronische Daten] [Stephen Blaber, David Milton, Josephine Pang, Philip Wong, Ong Boon-Teck, Lolin Nyigo, David Lubim] Synopsis: Sharp declines in catches prompted a detailed study of the commercially and culturally important ‘terubok' Tenualosa toli, which lives in the fast-flowing, turbid estuaries and adjacent shallow coastal waters of Sarawak. Its reproduction, diet, age and growth were investigated. An absence of small females and large males, together with histological data showing transitional gonads, suggest that T. toli is a protandrous hermaphrodite. Ageing based on otoliths indicates that individuals may not live more than about two years. Male fish spawn towards the end of their first year, change sex (transitional gonads were recorded in fish from 14 to 31 cm SL) and spawn as females in their second year. Spawning takes place in the middle reaches of estuaries and females deposit all their eggs at once. Fecundity is linearly related to fish length but shows significant seasonal and site variations. Hermaphroditism is discussed in relation to possible environmental and isolating mechanisms. T. toli is a zooplanktivore eating mainly calanoid copepods. Laser-ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectroscopy of trace elements across otoliths revealed that the species does not move into full seawater or freshwater, but completes its life cycle in estuarine and adjacent coastal waters. Therefore T. toli populations in each estuary and adjacent coastal waters may be relatively isolated from one another, and hence particularly susceptible to overfishing. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996 Estuaries nationallicence Ecology nationallicence Hermaphroditism nationallicence Diet nationallicence Age nationallicence Growth nationallicence Distribution nationallicence Blaber Stephen CSIRO Division of Fisheries, Marine Laboratories, P.O. Box 120, 4163, Cleveland, Queensland, Australia aut Milton David CSIRO Division of Fisheries, Marine Laboratories, P.O. Box 120, 4163, Cleveland, Queensland, Australia aut Pang Josephine Inland Fisheries Branch, Ministry of Agriculture & Community Development, Kompleks Negeri, JI Simpang Tiga, 93632, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia aut Wong Philip Inland Fisheries Branch, Ministry of Agriculture & Community Development, Kompleks Negeri, JI Simpang Tiga, 93632, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia aut Boon-Teck Ong Inland Fisheries Branch, Ministry of Agriculture & Community Development, Kompleks Negeri, JI Simpang Tiga, 93632, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia aut Nyigo Lolin PPES Santubong (Sdn Bhd), SEDC, P.O. Box 400, 93902, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia aut Lubim David PPES Santubong (Sdn Bhd), SEDC, P.O. Box 400, 93902, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia aut Environmental Biology of Fishes Kluwer Academic Publishers 46/3(1996-07-01), 225-242 0378-1909 46:3<225 1996 46 10641 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00004998 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00004998 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Blaber Stephen CSIRO Division of Fisheries, Marine Laboratories, P.O. Box 120, 4163, Cleveland, Queensland, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Milton David CSIRO Division of Fisheries, Marine Laboratories, P.O. Box 120, 4163, Cleveland, Queensland, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pang Josephine Inland Fisheries Branch, Ministry of Agriculture & Community Development, Kompleks Negeri, JI Simpang Tiga, 93632, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wong Philip Inland Fisheries Branch, Ministry of Agriculture & Community Development, Kompleks Negeri, JI Simpang Tiga, 93632, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Boon-Teck Ong Inland Fisheries Branch, Ministry of Agriculture & Community Development, Kompleks Negeri, JI Simpang Tiga, 93632, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Nyigo Lolin PPES Santubong (Sdn Bhd), SEDC, P.O. Box 400, 93902, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lubim David PPES Santubong (Sdn Bhd), SEDC, P.O. Box 400, 93902, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Environmental Biology of Fishes Kluwer Academic Publishers 46/3(1996-07-01), 225-242 0378-1909 46:3<225 1996 46 10641 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer