caa a22 4500 47711914X CHVBK 20180405111631.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19960901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00420916 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00420916 Hatch Grant Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Room P-122, 770 Bannatyne Avenue, R3E OW3, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada aut Regulation of cardiolipin biosynthesis in the heart [Elektronische Daten] [Grant Hatch] Cardiolipin is one of the principle phospholipids in the mammalian heart comprising as much as 15-20% of the entire phospholipid phosphorus mass of that organ. Cardiolipin is localized primarily in the mitochondria and appears to be essential for the function of several enzymes of oxidative phosphorylation. Thus, cardiolipin is essential for production of energy for the heart to beat. Cardiac cardiolipin is synthesized via the cytidine-5′-diphosphate-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol pathway. The properties of the four enzymes of the cytidine-5′-diphosphate-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol pathway have been characterized in the heart. The rate-limiting step of this pathway is catalyzed by the phosphatidic acid: cytidine-5′-triphosphate cytidylyltransferase. Several regulatory mechanisms that govern cardiolipin biosynthesis in the heart have been uncovered. Current evidence suggests that cardiolipin biosynthesis is regulated by the energy status (adenosine-5′-triphosphate and cytidine-5′-triphosphate level) of the heart. Thyroid hormone and unsaturated fatty acids may regulate cardiolipin biosynthesis at the level of three key enzymes of the cytidine-5′-diphosphate-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol pathway, phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase, phosphatidylglycerolphosphate phosphatase and cardiolipin synthase. Newly synthesized phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylglycerol may be preferentially utilized for cardiolipin biosynthesis in the heart. In addition, separate pools of phosphatidylglycerol, including an exogenous (extra-mitochondrial) pool not derived from de novo phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis, may be utilized for cardiac cardiolipin biosynthesis. In several mammalian tissues a significant number of studies on polyglycerophospholipid biosynthesis have been documented, including detailed studies in the lung and liver. However, in spite of the important role of cardiolipin in the maintenance of mitochondrial function and membrane integrity, studies on the control of cardiolipin biosynthesis in the mammalian heart have been largely neglected. The purpose of this review will be to briefly discuss cardiolipin and cardiolipin biosynthesis in some selected model systems and focus primarily on current studies involving the regulation of cardiolipin biosynthesis in the heart. (Mol Cell Biochem 159: 139-148, 1996) Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996 cardiolipin nationallicence heart nationallicence phospholipid biosynthesis nationallicence CL : cardiolipin nationallicence PG : phosphatidylglycerol nationallicence PA : phosphatidic acid nationallicence CTP : cytidine-5′triphosphate nationallicence CDPDG : cytidine-5'-diphosphate-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol nationallicence CMP : cytidine-5′monophosphate nationallicence lysoPG : lysophosphatidylglycerol nationallicence monolysoCC : monolysoCcardiolipin nationallicence BMP : bis(monoacylglycerol)phosphate nationallicence ATP : adenosine-5′-triphosphate nationallicence ADP : adenosine-5′-diphosphate nationallicence PGP : phosphatidylglycerol phosphate nationallicence DNA : deoxyribonucleic acid nationallicence STZ : streptozotocinM nationallicence Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Kluwer Academic Publishers 159/2(1996-09-01), 139-148 0300-8177 159:2<139 1996 159 11010 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00420916 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00420916 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Hatch Grant Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Room P-122, 770 Bannatyne Avenue, R3E OW3, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Kluwer Academic Publishers 159/2(1996-09-01), 139-148 0300-8177 159:2<139 1996 159 11010 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer