caa a22 4500 477128718 CHVBK 20180405111657.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170330e19970101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1023/A:1018487222533 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1023/A:1018487222533 Factors modifying exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in children (Athens, Greece) [Elektronische Daten] [Chryssa Bakoula, Yota Kafritsa, George Kavadias, Nancy Haley, Nicolas Matsaniotis] The aim of the study was to investigate individual, family, and environmental factors which may modify exposure of children to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). A total of 2,108 children of both genders, aged up to 14 years old, were enrolled in the study. Parents of the children provided information concerning several factors that may affect exposure to ETS. Cotinine-to-creatinine ratios in spot urine samples were measured for each child. These values were logtransformed and regressed on a series of exposure variables. Among children, 73 percent were exposed to ETS generated by at least one smoker in the household. Exposure to ETS was affected by the following factors: cigarettes smoked by parents while the child was at home (increase by 37 percent per 10 cigarettes daily, 95 percent confidence interval [CI]=32-43 percent); precautions taken by parents (no cf yes, increase by 38 percent, CI=24-54 percent); child's age (decrease by nine percent per year, CI=-11--8 percent); gender (male lower than female by 13 percent, CI=-21--3 percent); day of the week (Monday cf Tuesday-through-Sunday, increase by 28 percent, CI=14-44 percent); floor surface area (decrease by nine percent per 20m2, CI=-14--5 percent); heating (central cf non-central decrease by 14 percent, CI=-25--2 percent); maternal education (decrease by nine percent per five years, CI=-18-0 percent); paternal education (decrease by seven percent per five years, CI=-15-2 percent). It is concluded that several household-related factors affect exposure to ETS and that this exposure can be reduced by about one-third by simple precautions taken by smoking parents. Chapman and Hall, 1997 Environmental tobacco smoke nationallicence children nationallicence cotinine nationallicence Greece nationallicence passive smoking nationallicence Bakoula Chryssa First Department of Paediatrics, Athens University, Athens, Greece aut Kafritsa Yota First Department of Paediatrics, Athens University, Athens, Greece aut Kavadias George First Department of Paediatrics, Athens University, Athens, Greece aut Haley Nancy American Health Foundation, Valhalla, USA aut Matsaniotis Nicolas First Department of Paediatrics, Athens University, Athens, Greece aut Cancer Causes & Control Kluwer Academic Publishers 8/1(1997-01-01), 73-76 0957-5243 8:1<73 1997 8 10552 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018487222533 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018487222533 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bakoula Chryssa First Department of Paediatrics, Athens University, Athens, Greece aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kafritsa Yota First Department of Paediatrics, Athens University, Athens, Greece aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kavadias George First Department of Paediatrics, Athens University, Athens, Greece aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Haley Nancy American Health Foundation, Valhalla, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Matsaniotis Nicolas First Department of Paediatrics, Athens University, Athens, Greece aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Cancer Causes & Control Kluwer Academic Publishers 8/1(1997-01-01), 73-76 0957-5243 8:1<73 1997 8 10552 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer