naa a22 4500 510724396 CHVBK 20180411082929.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20130601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11947-012-0779-8 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11947-012-0779-8 Continuous and Pulsed Ultraviolet Light for Nonthermal Treatment of Liquid Foods. Part 1: Effects on Quality of Fructose Solution, Apple Juice, and Milk [Elektronische Daten] [Marta Orlowska, Tatiana Koutchma, Michael Grapperhaus, John Gallagher, Raymond Schaefer, Cheryl Defelice] Performance of three innovative high-intensity pulsed (HIP) ultraviolet (UV) sources characterized by different emission spectra, energy per pulse, and frequency (HIP-1: 31J/pulse, 8Hz; HIP-2: 344J/pulse, 0.75Hz; HIP-3: 644J/pulse, 0.5Hz) was evaluated at UV fluence of 5mJ/cm2 by measuring the effects on quality parameters of 30% (w/v) fructose solution, apple juice and milk. The results were compared with the continuous monochromatic low pressure (LPM) and medium pressure polychromatic (MPM) mercury lamps at the UV fluence of 10mJ/cm2 that was determined based on 5-log microbial reduction requirement. The effects of HIP-1 and HIP-3 pulsed lamps on color, pH, and vitamin C, were comparable with the LPM lamp. For example, pH of fructose decreased by 1.94% for the LPM lamp and by 0.78% and 4.31% for HIP-1 and HIP-3, respectively. Treatment with the LPM lamp reduced the vitamin C content by 1.30% in apple juice and 35.13% in milk. In the case of pulsed lamps the reduction of vitamin C was 0.85% for HIP-1 and 1.78% for HIP-3 in apple juice, 12.31% (HIP-1) and 21.66% (HIP-3) in milk. HIP-2 and MPM lamps caused the most significant deterioration of the quality parameters in all tested liquids. The HIP-2 lamp decreased vitamin C by 8.52% in apple juice and 35.80% in milk, and also reduced pH of fructose solution by 5.29%. These results indicate that UV treatment with pulsed HIP-1 and HIP-3 sources could represent a promising alternative for the treatment of low UV transparent and opaque liquid foods. Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada as represented by: Horst Donner, 2012 Continuous UV light nationallicence High-intensity pulsed UV light nationallicence Apple juice nationallicence Milk nationallicence Fructose nationallicence α : absorption coefficient (cm−1) nationallicence λ : wavelength (nm) nationallicence a* : parameter in the CIELAB color scale positioned between green (negative values) and red (positive values) nationallicence A : absorbance nationallicence A 254 : absorbance at the wavelength of 254nm nationallicence A 420 : absorbance at the wavelength of 420nm nationallicence b * : parameter in the CIELAB color scale positioned between blue (negative values) and yellow (positive values) nationallicence C : non-UV treated control nationallicence C main : capacitor of the main discharge circuit nationallicence C pk : peaking capacitor (part of the initiation circuit) nationallicence C sp : voltage spike capacitor (for initiation of the discharge) nationallicence E : fluence rate (mW/cm2) nationallicence H : UV fluence (mJ/cm2) nationallicence I 0 : incident irradiance, (mW/cm2) nationallicence l : path length of demountable quartz cuvette (cm) nationallicence L* : represent the lightness of the color in the CIELAB color scale (L *  = 0 yields black and L *  = 100 indicates diffuse white) nationallicence LPM : low-pressure mercury UV lamp nationallicence HIP : high-intensity pulsed UV lamp nationallicence HIP-1 : energy per pulse: 31J nationallicence pulse frequency: 8Hz nationallicence average electrical power: 310W nationallicence HIP-2 : energy per pulse: 344J nationallicence pulse frequency: 0.75Hz nationallicence average electrical power: 258W nationallicence HIP-3 : energy per pulse: 644J nationallicence pulse frequency: 0.5Hz nationallicence average electrical power: 322W nationallicence MPM : medium-pressure mercury UV lamp nationallicence PF : Petri factor nationallicence R : surface reflection coefficient nationallicence RC : relative change (%) nationallicence S : UV-treated sample nationallicence SF : sensor factor nationallicence t : exposure time (s) nationallicence UV : Ultraviolet nationallicence Orlowska Marta Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Rd W, N1G 5C9, Guelph, ON, Canada aut Koutchma Tatiana Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Rd W, N1G 5C9, Guelph, ON, Canada aut Grapperhaus Michael Phoenix Science and Technology Inc., 27 Industrial Ave., 01824, Chelmsford, MA, USA aut Gallagher John Phoenix Science and Technology Inc., 27 Industrial Ave., 01824, Chelmsford, MA, USA aut Schaefer Raymond Phoenix Science and Technology Inc., 27 Industrial Ave., 01824, Chelmsford, MA, USA aut Defelice Cheryl Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Rd W, N1G 5C9, Guelph, ON, Canada aut Food and Bioprocess Technology Springer-Verlag 6/6(2013-06-01), 1580-1592 1935-5130 6:6<1580 2013 6 11947 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-012-0779-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-012-0779-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Orlowska Marta Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Rd W, N1G 5C9, Guelph, ON, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Koutchma Tatiana Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Rd W, N1G 5C9, Guelph, ON, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Grapperhaus Michael Phoenix Science and Technology Inc., 27 Industrial Ave., 01824, Chelmsford, MA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gallagher John Phoenix Science and Technology Inc., 27 Industrial Ave., 01824, Chelmsford, MA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Schaefer Raymond Phoenix Science and Technology Inc., 27 Industrial Ave., 01824, Chelmsford, MA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Defelice Cheryl Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Rd W, N1G 5C9, Guelph, ON, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Food and Bioprocess Technology Springer-Verlag 6/6(2013-06-01), 1580-1592 1935-5130 6:6<1580 2013 6 11947 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer