naa a22 4500 510735223 CHVBK 20180411083007.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20130301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11904-012-0147-3 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11904-012-0147-3 Understanding and Controlling Chronic Immune Activation in the HIV-Infected Patients Suppressed on Combination Antiretroviral Therapy [Elektronische Daten] [Babafemi Taiwo, Luis Barcena, Randall Tressler] Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has resulted in tremendous gains in survival among HIV-infected patients, but as a group those who achieve undetectable viral loads on cART experience a greater degree of immune activation and inflammation than the general population. HIV-infected patients continue to experience premature immune senescence with earlier and more frequent non-AIDS events compared to HIV-uninfected individuals. Chronic immune activation during suppressive cART derives from a variety of sources mediated by cytokines, chemokines, coagulation, microbial translocation, immune regulators and Teffector cell activation abnormalities, among others. Current investigational strategies to control immune activation target potential causes of persistently heightened immune activation during cART such as microbial translocation, co-infections, and comorbidities or mediators along a common final pathway. Although several interventions have shown promise in vitro or in preliminary clinical trials, no intervention has sufficient evidence for routine use, making control of immune activation during cART an unmet need. Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2012 Immune activation nationallicence HIV nationallicence Microbial translocation nationallicence Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) nationallicence Co-infections nationallicence HIV pathogenesis and treatment nationallicence Chronic immune activation nationallicence Taiwo Babafemi Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 North Michigan Avenue, Suite 900, 60611, Chicago, IL, USA aut Barcena Luis Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 North Michigan Avenue, Suite 900, 60611, Chicago, IL, USA aut Tressler Randall Division of AIDS/NIAID/NIH, Henry Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6700B Rockledge Drive, Room, 5223, 20892-7624, Bethesda, MD, USA aut Current HIV/AIDS Reports Current Science Inc. 10/1(2013-03-01), 21-32 1548-3568 10:1<21 2013 10 11904 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-012-0147-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-012-0147-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Taiwo Babafemi Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 North Michigan Avenue, Suite 900, 60611, Chicago, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Barcena Luis Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 North Michigan Avenue, Suite 900, 60611, Chicago, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tressler Randall Division of AIDS/NIAID/NIH, Henry Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6700B Rockledge Drive, Room, 5223, 20892-7624, Bethesda, MD, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Current HIV/AIDS Reports Current Science Inc 10/1(2013-03-01), 21-32 1548-3568 10:1<21 2013 10 11904 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer