naa a22 4500 510738206 CHVBK 20180411083018.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20130301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11284-012-1023-8 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11284-012-1023-8 Alarm scent-marking during predatory attempts in the Cabrera vole ( Microtus cabrerae Thomas, 1906) [Elektronische Daten] [Luis Gomes, Pedro Salgado, Eduardo Barata, António Mira] The alarm pheromones often released by animals under stressful situations seem to elicit behavioral changes in conspecifics, which in the appropriate context can be viewed as anti-predatory responses. However, the releasing of alarm pheromones associated with predatory events has not been demonstrated in mammals. In the current study with wild-caught Cabrera voles, we carried out experiments in the laboratory and in the field to assess the release of alarm pheromones in scent-marks during simulated predatory events and disclose their effects on conspecifics. We first conducted an assay wherein voles where let to scent-mark a clean substrate in the absence of disturbance (control) and under the simulation of predatory events. Contrarily to the control, no fecal boli were released and the area marked with urine was significantly larger during the predatory simulation. In a subsequent assay, we assessed the voles' preference between urine-marks released under predatory simulation and in control conditions. Voles showed a significant preference by control substrates. Finally, a third assay was carried out in the vole's habitat wherein the individual activity was monitored by radio-tracking before and after placement of urine-marks obtained during the conditions described above. The vole's activity was only reduced near the urine-marks released during the simulated predatory events. The results suggest that: (1) during predatory attempts, Cabrera voles release an alarm pheromone in their urine-marks; (2) the putative alarm pheromone reduces the voles' activity in the surroundings of the marked area; (3) the putative alarm pheromone persists in the field affecting conspecifics' activity for several days. The Ecological Society of Japan, 2013 Alarm pheromone nationallicence Voles nationallicence Microtus cabrerae nationallicence Scent-marking nationallicence Predation nationallicence Anti-predatory nationallicence Gomes Luis Grupo de Ecossistemas e Paisagens Mediterrânicas, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Apartado 94, 7002-554, Évora, Portugal aut Salgado Pedro Unidade de Biologia da Conservação, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Apartado 94, 7002-554, Évora, Portugal aut Barata Eduardo Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Évora, Apartado 94, 7002-554, Évora, Portugal aut Mira António Unidade de Biologia da Conservação, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Apartado 94, 7002-554, Évora, Portugal aut Ecological Research Springer Japan 28/2(2013-03-01), 335-343 0912-3814 28:2<335 2013 28 11284 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11284-012-1023-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11284-012-1023-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gomes Luis Grupo de Ecossistemas e Paisagens Mediterrânicas, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Apartado 94, 7002-554, Évora, Portugal aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Salgado Pedro Unidade de Biologia da Conservação, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Apartado 94, 7002-554, Évora, Portugal aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Barata Eduardo Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Évora, Apartado 94, 7002-554, Évora, Portugal aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mira António Unidade de Biologia da Conservação, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Apartado 94, 7002-554, Évora, Portugal aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Ecological Research Springer Japan 28/2(2013-03-01), 335-343 0912-3814 28:2<335 2013 28 11284 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer