naa a22 4500 510741479 CHVBK 20180411083029.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20130601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11845-013-0911-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11845-013-0911-4 O'Connor J. UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland aut Targeting tumour necrosis factor-α in hypoxia and synaptic signalling [Elektronische Daten] [J. O'Connor] Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α is a pro-inflammatory cytokine, which is synthesised and released in the brain by astrocytes, microglia and neurons in response to numerous internal and external stimuli. It is involved in many physiological and pathophysiological processes such as gene transcription, cell proliferation, apoptosis, synaptic signalling and neuroprotection. The complex actions of TNF-α in the brain are under intense investigation. TNF-α has the ability to induce selective necrosis of some cells whilst sparing others and this has led researchers to discover multiple activated signalling cascades. In many human diseases including acute stroke and inflammation and those involving hypoxia, levels of TNF-α are increased throughout different brain regions. TNF-α signalling may also have several positive and negative effects on neuronal function including glutamatergic synaptic transmission and plasticity. Exogenous TNF-α may also exacerbate the neuronal response to hypoxia. This review will summarise the actions of TNF-α in the central nervous system on synaptic signalling and its effects during hypoxia. Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland, 2013 TNF-α nationallicence Hypoxia nationallicence Prolyl hydroxylase nationallicence Hippocampus nationallicence Synaptic transmission nationallicence Synaptic plasticity nationallicence Inflammation nationallicence Irish Journal of Medical Science Springer-Verlag 182/2(2013-06-01), 157-162 0021-1265 182:2<157 2013 182 11845 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-013-0911-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-013-0911-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- O'Connor J. UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Irish Journal of Medical Science Springer-Verlag 182/2(2013-06-01), 157-162 0021-1265 182:2<157 2013 182 11845 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer