naa a22 4500 510746934 CHVBK 20180411083049.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20130701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s13199-013-0249-8 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s13199-013-0249-8 Coniochaeta ligniaria [Elektronische Daten] antifungal activity of the cryptic endophytic fungus associated with autotrophic tissue cultures of the medicinal plant Smallanthus sonchifolius ( Asteraceae ) [Luiz Rosa, Sonia Queiroz, Rita Moraes, Xiaoning Wang, Natascha Techen, Zhiqiang Pan, Charles Cantrell, David Wedge] Few studies have addressed the presence and bioactivity of endophytic fungi living in plantlets growing under in vitro conditions. After unfruitful attempts to grow axenic shoot cultures of the medicinal plant Smallanthus sonchifolius (yacon) were made, healthy shoots grew on half strength Murashigue and Skoog media supplemented with 2.2μM benzylaminopurine without sucrose. We isolated a fungus UM109 from these autotrophic tissue cultures and it was identified as Coniochaeta ligniaria using molecular, physiological and morphological methods. Dichloromethane extracts from C. ligniaria and its host S. sonchifolius exhibited antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae and C. gloeosporioides. Both extracts of C. ligniaria and S. sonchifolius were subjected to antifungal bioassay-directed fractionation using NMR spectroscopy and GC-FID analysis. Twelve antifungal fatty acids were identified and 8 out of the total were produced by the fungus and the plant including caproic, caprylic, myristic, palmitic, heptadecanoic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids. Additionally, caproic, caprylic and palmitic acids were produced at high concentrations by the endophytic fungus and its host. The detection of these antifungal fatty acids produced by both C. ligniaria and S. sonchifolius suggests that these bioactive compounds may be partially responsible for the high resistance of S. sonchifolius to phytopathogenic fungal attacks. This finding also indicates the existence of an interesting chemical symbiosis between an endophytic fungus and its host. Furthermore, the isolation of C. ligniaria from tissue culture of S. sonchifolius demonstrates that plantlets growing in vitro as autotrophic cultures can shelter specific endophytic fungal communities. The use of autotrophic tissue cultures may become an important tool for studies on the taxonomy, ecology, evolution and biotechnological application of endophytes. Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht, 2013 Antifungal nationallicence Fatty acids nationallicence Medicinal plant nationallicence Plant tissue culture nationallicence Symbiosis nationallicence Rosa Luiz Laboratório de Sistemática e Biomoléculas de Fungos, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P. O. Box 486, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil aut Queiroz Sonia EMBRAPA Meio Ambiente, P.O Box 69, 13820-000, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil aut Moraes Rita National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, 38677, University, MS, USA aut Wang Xiaoning Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Mississippi, MS, USA aut Techen Natascha National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, 38677, University, MS, USA aut Pan Zhiqiang USDA-ARS, National Products Utilization Research Unit (NPURU), 38677, University, MS, USA aut Cantrell Charles USDA-ARS, National Products Utilization Research Unit (NPURU), 38677, University, MS, USA aut Wedge David USDA-ARS, National Products Utilization Research Unit (NPURU), 38677, University, MS, USA aut Symbiosis Springer Netherlands 60/3(2013-07-01), 133-142 0334-5114 60:3<133 2013 60 13199 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-013-0249-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-013-0249-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Rosa Luiz Laboratório de Sistemática e Biomoléculas de Fungos, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P. O. Box 486, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Queiroz Sonia EMBRAPA Meio Ambiente, P.O Box 69, 13820-000, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Moraes Rita National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, 38677, University, MS, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wang Xiaoning Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Mississippi, MS, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Techen Natascha National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, 38677, University, MS, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pan Zhiqiang USDA-ARS, National Products Utilization Research Unit (NPURU), 38677, University, MS, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cantrell Charles USDA-ARS, National Products Utilization Research Unit (NPURU), 38677, University, MS, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wedge David USDA-ARS, National Products Utilization Research Unit (NPURU), 38677, University, MS, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Symbiosis Springer Netherlands 60/3(2013-07-01), 133-142 0334-5114 60:3<133 2013 60 13199 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer