naa a22 4500 510749496 CHVBK 20180411083059.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20130901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11270-013-1638-6 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11270-013-1638-6 Method Development for the Determination of Diallyldimethylammonium Chloride at Trace Levels by Epoxidation Process [Elektronische Daten] [Isaac Mwangi, J. Ngila, Patrick Ndungu, Titus Msagati] Domestic water is abstracted from its sources in raw form with a high content of dissolved and suspended material. Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (polyDADMAC) is a cationic polyelectrolyte used in the initial water clarification process. However, its residues in treated water pose a health risk as they react with chlorine to produce a carcinogenic compound. There is a need to determine the concentration of the polyelectrolyte cations that pass through the flocculation stage before the chlorine disinfection process in water treatment plants to ascertain the safety of water to consumers. The cationic polymer is UV inactive, and previously available methods for determining the concentrations of polyelectrolytes are unsatisfactory due to poor detection limits. This paper describes a UV-Visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometry method for the determination of residual polyDADMAC as an epoxide. The novelty method lies on the epoxidation of polyDADMAC using 20% sodium hydroxide dissolved in 30% hydrogen peroxide to produce a UV-Vis active compound. The epoxidation was confirmed by UV-Vis, FTIR and 1H NMR techniques. Dilute solutions of varying concentrations of polyDADMAC (0.2-1.0mgL−1) were treated with a basic solution of hydrogen peroxide then analysed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The wavelength at maximum absorption (λmax) was found to be 313nm, and a linear calibration curve with a correlation coefficient (R 2) of 0.993 was used for quantification purposes. The detection limit measured as three times the signal of the blank and was found to be 2.1 × 10−4mgL−1. The method was applied to determine the concentration of polyDADMAC spiked in water samples collected from a pool as a model for environmental matrix. The results obtained agreed with the quantities spiked in the solution, thus qualified the method to be suitable for the determination of polyDADMAC in treated waters at trace levels. The method was also used to investigate the adsorption capacity of polyDADMAC on sand filters. The adsorption method was found to be in accordance with Langmuir with an adsorption capacity of 2.068mgg−1. The Author(s), 2013 Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride nationallicence Epoxide nationallicence Polycation nationallicence UV-Vis spectrophotometry nationallicence Treated water nationallicence Mwangi Isaac Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, 2028, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa aut Ngila J. Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, 2028, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa aut Ndungu Patrick School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X45001, 4000, Westville Durban, South Africa aut Msagati Titus Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, 2028, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa aut Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Springer Netherlands 224/9(2013-09-01), 1-9 0049-6979 224:9<1 2013 224 11270 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1638-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1638-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mwangi Isaac Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, 2028, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ngila J. Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, 2028, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ndungu Patrick School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X45001, 4000, Westville Durban, South Africa aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Msagati Titus Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, 2028, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Springer Netherlands 224/9(2013-09-01), 1-9 0049-6979 224:9<1 2013 224 11270 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer