naa a22 4500 510750893 CHVBK 20180411083104.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20131001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11270-013-1731-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11270-013-1731-x Impact of Enhanced-Flushing Reagents and Organic Liquid Distribution on Mass Removal and Mass Discharge Reduction [Elektronische Daten] [Nihat Akyol, Ann Lee, Mark Brusseau] A series of column and flow cell experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of nonuniform organic liquid distribution on the relationship between reductions in contaminant mass discharge and reductions in source zone mass under conditions of enhanced-solubilization flushing. Trichloroethene was used as the model organic liquid, and sodium dodecyl sulfate and ethanol were used as representative enhanced-flushing reagents. The results were compared to those of waterflood control experiments. Concentrations of trichloroethene in the effluent exhibited a multi-step behavior with time, wherein multiple secondary periods of quasi steady state were observed. This nonideal behavior was observed for both the waterflood and enhanced-flushing experiments. For all flow cell experiments, the later stage of mass removal was controlled by the more poorly accessible mass associated with higher-saturation zones. The profiles relating reductions in contaminant mass discharge and reductions in mass exhibited a generally similar behavior for both the waterflood and enhanced-flushing experiments. This indicates that while the rates and magnitudes of mass removal are altered by the presence of a solubilization reagent solution, the fundamental mass removal process is not. The profiles obtained for the flow cell systems differed from those obtained for the column systems, highlighting the impact of source zone heterogeneity on mass removal behavior. Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht, 2013 Enhanced flushing nationallicence DNAPL nationallicence Mass flux nationallicence Source zone nationallicence Akyol Nihat Department of Geological Engineering, University of Kocaeli, 41380, Kocaeli, Turkey aut Lee Ann School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Arizona, 429 Shantz Building, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA aut Brusseau Mark School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Arizona, 429 Shantz Building, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA aut Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Springer Netherlands 224/10(2013-10-01), 1-9 0049-6979 224:10<1 2013 224 11270 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1731-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1731-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Akyol Nihat Department of Geological Engineering, University of Kocaeli, 41380, Kocaeli, Turkey aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lee Ann School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Arizona, 429 Shantz Building, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Brusseau Mark School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Arizona, 429 Shantz Building, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Springer Netherlands 224/10(2013-10-01), 1-9 0049-6979 224:10<1 2013 224 11270 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer