naa a22 4500 510750974 CHVBK 20180411083104.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20131001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11270-013-1695-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11270-013-1695-x Agricultural Diffuse Nutrient Pollution Transport in a Mountain Wetland Complex [Elektronische Daten] [Brian Caruso, Aisling O'Sullivan, Summer Faulkner, Michaela Sherratt, Rosemary Clucas] Wetlands in mountain environments provide critical ecosystem services but are increasingly threatened by agricultural land use intensification. This study evaluates agricultural nonpoint source nutrient pollution transport in a wetland-stream-lake complex in a mountain, tussock grassland catchment in the South Island, New Zealand. Flow and water-quality monitoring in the Lake Clearwater catchment during three flow events from May to August 2010 (autumn high flow, winter low flow, and winter high flow) showed high concentrations and exceedances of water quality guidelines for total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in small ephemeral streams draining agricultural land during high flows. Concentrations were attenuated through the wetlands to below guidelines, with the exception of TN which still remained slightly higher. Most TN was in the organic form above and below the wetland, suggesting N sources from animal waste/agricultural land and organic material and vegetation within the wetland. Most TP was particulate associated with suspended solids during high flows. Dissolved forms of N and P generally were below guidelines. Flows and loads (instantaneous and daily) increased at the lake outlet during winter high flow, indicating unaccounted sources to the lake from groundwater, the wetlands, or the lake sediments, and seasonal N saturation. Infiltration losses to shallow groundwater along the main perennial tributary likely re-appear as discharge to the wetlands and lake downstream. Surface-groundwater interactions play a dominant role in N transport to the wetland complex due to highly permeable soils and glacial alluvial deposits. Loads and unit loads of TN and TP were also elevated in the ephemeral streams. Results show that TN and TP concentrations and unit loads during high flows in ephemeral streams in this mountain grassland catchment are similar to, or higher than, values for impacted lowland pasture catchments. Although impacts to the wetland ecosystem have not been observed to date, the lake is shifting toward a mesotrophic state, and further research is needed to elucidate impacts of nutrient loads and help meet conservation and restoration goals. Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht, 2013 Mountains nationallicence Wetlands nationallicence Agriculture nationallicence Nutrients nationallicence Pollutant transport nationallicence New Zealand nationallicence Caruso Brian Hydrological and Ecological Engineering Research Group, Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand aut O'Sullivan Aisling Hydrological and Ecological Engineering Research Group, Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand aut Faulkner Summer Hydrological and Ecological Engineering Research Group, Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand aut Sherratt Michaela Hydrological and Ecological Engineering Research Group, Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand aut Clucas Rosemary Department of Conservation, Dunedin, New Zealand aut Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Springer Netherlands 224/10(2013-10-01), 1-21 0049-6979 224:10<1 2013 224 11270 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1695-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1695-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Caruso Brian Hydrological and Ecological Engineering Research Group, Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- O'Sullivan Aisling Hydrological and Ecological Engineering Research Group, Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Faulkner Summer Hydrological and Ecological Engineering Research Group, Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sherratt Michaela Hydrological and Ecological Engineering Research Group, Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Clucas Rosemary Department of Conservation, Dunedin, New Zealand aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Springer Netherlands 224/10(2013-10-01), 1-21 0049-6979 224:10<1 2013 224 11270 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer