naa a22 4500 510751210 CHVBK 20180411083105.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20130401xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11270-013-1502-8 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11270-013-1502-8 Trace Metal Budgets for Forested Catchments in Europe—Pb, Cd, Hg, Cu and Zn [Elektronische Daten] [Lage Bringmark, Lars Lundin, Algirdas Augustaitis, Burkhard Beudert, Helga Dieffenbach-Fries, Thomas Dirnböck, Maria-Theresia Grabner, Mike Hutchins, Pavel Kram, Iraida Lyulko, Tuija Ruoho-Airola, Milan Vana] Input/output budgets for cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) in the years 1997-2011 were monitored and determined for 14 small forest-covered catchments across Europe as part of the Integrated Monitoring program on the effects of long-range pollutants on ecosystems. Metal inputs were considered to derive from bulk deposition, throughfall and litterfall. Outputs were estimated from run-off values. Litterfall plus throughfall was taken as a measure of the total deposition of Pb and Hg (wet + dry) on the basis of evidence suggesting that, for these metals, internal circulation is negligible. The same is not true for Cd. Excluding a few sites with high discharge, between 74 and 94% of the input Pb was retained within the catchments; significant Cd retention was also observed. High losses of Pb (>1.4mg m−2 year−1) and Cd (>0.15mg m−2 year−1) were observed in two mountainous Central European sites with high water discharge. All other sites had outputs below or equal to 0.36 and 0.06mg m−2 year−1, respectively, for the two metals. Almost complete retention of Hg, 86-99% of input, was reported in the Swedish sites. These high levels of metal retention were maintained even in the face of recent dramatic reductions in pollutant loads. Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht, 2013 Lead nationallicence Cadmium nationallicence Mercury nationallicence Forested catchment nationallicence Europe nationallicence Deposition nationallicence Retention nationallicence Bringmark Lage Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden aut Lundin Lars Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden aut Augustaitis Algirdas Lithuanian University of Agriculture, Kaunas, Lithuania aut Beudert Burkhard Bavarian Forest National Park Authority, Grafenau, Germany aut Dieffenbach-Fries Helga Federal Environment Agency, Langen, Germany aut Dirnböck Thomas Federal Environment Agency, Vienna, Austria aut Grabner Maria-Theresia Federal Environment Agency, Vienna, Austria aut Hutchins Mike Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, UK aut Kram Pavel Czech Geological Survey, Prague, Czech Republic aut Lyulko Iraida Latvian Environment, Geological and Meteorological Agency, Riga, Latvia aut Ruoho-Airola Tuija Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland aut Vana Milan Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Kosetice, Czech Republic aut Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Springer Netherlands 224/4(2013-04-01), 1-14 0049-6979 224:4<1 2013 224 11270 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1502-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1502-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bringmark Lage Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lundin Lars Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Augustaitis Algirdas Lithuanian University of Agriculture, Kaunas, Lithuania aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Beudert Burkhard Bavarian Forest National Park Authority, Grafenau, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Dieffenbach-Fries Helga Federal Environment Agency, Langen, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Dirnböck Thomas Federal Environment Agency, Vienna, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Grabner Maria-Theresia Federal Environment Agency, Vienna, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hutchins Mike Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kram Pavel Czech Geological Survey, Prague, Czech Republic aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lyulko Iraida Latvian Environment, Geological and Meteorological Agency, Riga, Latvia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ruoho-Airola Tuija Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Vana Milan Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Kosetice, Czech Republic aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Springer Netherlands 224/4(2013-04-01), 1-14 0049-6979 224:4<1 2013 224 11270 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer