naa a22 4500 51076259X CHVBK 20180411083144.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20130101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11355-011-0176-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11355-011-0176-x Habitat characteristics of sweet flag ( Acorus calamus ) and their relationships with sweet flag biomass [Elektronische Daten] [Seung-Hye Jeon, Heungtae Kim, Jong Nam, Jae Kim] The habitat characteristics of Acorus calamus were investigated to obtain data and define criteria that can be applied to restoration, conservation, and management. The investigation was conducted in March, June, and September to span the growth period of A. calamus. While the importance of A. calamus decreased over time, the diversity index (H′) of A. calamus communities increased in June and then decreased in September. Water levels in A. calamus habitats were lowest in March. About two-thirds of the A. calamus communities (68.4%) were found in sandy loam. Although the optimal environmental ranges of the water and soil characteristics for A. calamus changed according to growth stage, the environmental conditions in March were important for seed germination and seedling establishment. The aboveground biomass of A. calamus was 20.4 in March, 349.3 in June, and 267.0g/m2 in September. We also clarified the environmental characteristics of the water and soil at which the aboveground biomass during the growing and senescing seasons peaked. Based on our data, we were able to propose the following guidelines for wetland creation and restoration. (1) To facilitate the seed germination and seedling establishment of A. calamus, managers should seek to achieve conditions that approximate the optimal environment in March. (2) To optimize the growth of A. calamus, the soil pH should be maintained at neutral and the permeability to air should be enhanced. (3) To extend the longevity of A. calamus leaves, the habitat should be managed so as to limit the survival of other species with overlapping niches, and the water depth should be maintained at around 24cm. Also, the supply of nitrogen components to the soil should not be excessive. International Consortium of Landscape and Ecological Engineering and Springer, 2011 Acorus calamus nationallicence Establishment nationallicence Growth nationallicence Optimal environmental range for distribution nationallicence Wetland plant nationallicence Wetland restoration nationallicence Jeon Seung-Hye Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University, 151-748, Seoul, Korea aut Kim Heungtae Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University, 151-748, Seoul, Korea aut Nam Jong Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University, 151-748, Seoul, Korea aut Kim Jae Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University, 151-748, Seoul, Korea aut Landscape and Ecological Engineering Springer Japan 9/1(2013-01-01), 67-75 1860-1871 9:1<67 2013 9 11355 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11355-011-0176-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11355-011-0176-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jeon Seung-Hye Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University, 151-748, Seoul, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kim Heungtae Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University, 151-748, Seoul, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Nam Jong Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University, 151-748, Seoul, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kim Jae Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University, 151-748, Seoul, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Landscape and Ecological Engineering Springer Japan 9/1(2013-01-01), 67-75 1860-1871 9:1<67 2013 9 11355 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer