naa a22 4500 51077265X CHVBK 20180411083219.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20131101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11837-013-0762-5 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11837-013-0762-5 A Nonlinear Shallow-Water Model Combined with Gas Bubble Effect for Melt Flows and Interface Instability in Aluminum Reduction Cells [Elektronische Daten] [Yujie Xu, Hongliang Zhang, Jie Li, Yanqing Lai] A nonlinear shallow-water model combined with the effect of anode gas bubbles was derived for the melt flows and interface instability in aluminum reduction cells. Both the electromagnetic forces and the drag forces between the bath and gas bubbles, as the main driven forces for the melt flows, were taken into account in this model. A comparative numerical study was carried out using both the model considering the bubble and the model without considering the bubble. The results show the effect of the bubble cannot be neglected in a fluid dynamics analysis for the aluminum reduction cell. The bath flow, induced by the motion of bubbles, presents a series of small eddies rather than large eddies as the metal flow pattern shows. The horizontal drag forces between the bath and the bubbles in the bath layer enlarge the deformation of the metal-bath interface, to some extent, but have a positive influence on stabilizing the metal-bath interface perturbations. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 2013 Xu Yujie School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, No. 932, Lushan South Road, 410083, Changsha, People's Republic of China aut Zhang Hongliang School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, No. 932, Lushan South Road, 410083, Changsha, People's Republic of China aut Li Jie School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, No. 932, Lushan South Road, 410083, Changsha, People's Republic of China aut Lai Yanqing School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, No. 932, Lushan South Road, 410083, Changsha, People's Republic of China aut JOM Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 65/11(2013-11-01), 1459-1466 1047-4838 65:11<1459 2013 65 11837 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0762-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0762-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Xu Yujie School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, No. 932, Lushan South Road, 410083, Changsha, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zhang Hongliang School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, No. 932, Lushan South Road, 410083, Changsha, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Li Jie School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, No. 932, Lushan South Road, 410083, Changsha, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lai Yanqing School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, No. 932, Lushan South Road, 410083, Changsha, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- JOM Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 65/11(2013-11-01), 1459-1466 1047-4838 65:11<1459 2013 65 11837 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer