naa a22 4500 510775667 CHVBK 20180411083229.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20130201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s12975-012-0226-1 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s12975-012-0226-1 Preconditioning for Traumatic Brain Injury [Elektronische Daten] [Shoji Yokobori, Anna Mazzeo, Khadil Hosein, Shyam Gajavelli, W. Dietrich, M. Bullock] Traumatic brain injury (TBI) treatment is now focused on the prevention of primary injury and reduction of secondary injury. However, no single effective treatment is available as yet for the mitigation of traumatic brain damage in humans. Both chemical and environmental stresses applied before injury have been shown to induce consequent protection against post-TBI neuronal death. This concept termed "preconditioning” is achieved by exposure to different pre-injury stressors to achieve the induction of "tolerance” to the effect of the TBI. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this "tolerance” phenomenon are not fully understood in TBI, and therefore even less information is available about possible indications in clinical TBI patients. In this review, we will summarize TBI pathophysiology, and discuss existing animal studies demonstrating the efficacy of preconditioning in diffuse and focal type of TBI. We will also review other non-TBI preconditioning studies, including ischemic, environmental, and chemical preconditioning, which maybe relevant to TBI. To date, no clinical studies exist in this field, and we speculate on possible future clinical situations, in which pre-TBI preconditioning could be considered. Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2012 Preconditioning nationallicence Traumatic brain injury nationallicence Neuroprotection nationallicence Pathophysiology nationallicence Yokobori Shoji Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA aut Mazzeo Anna Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA aut Hosein Khadil Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA aut Gajavelli Shyam Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA aut Dietrich W. Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA aut Bullock M. Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA aut Translational Stroke Research Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 4/1(2013-02-01), 25-39 1868-4483 4:1<25 2013 4 12975 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-012-0226-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-012-0226-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Yokobori Shoji Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mazzeo Anna Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hosein Khadil Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gajavelli Shyam Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Dietrich W. Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bullock M. Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Translational Stroke Research Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 4/1(2013-02-01), 25-39 1868-4483 4:1<25 2013 4 12975 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer