naa a22 4500 510780334 CHVBK 20180411083245.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20130901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11692-012-9218-z doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11692-012-9218-z The Evolution of Canalization and Evolvability in Stable and Fluctuating Environments [Elektronische Daten] [Arnaud Le Rouzic, José Álvarez-Castro, Thomas Hansen] Using a multilinear model of epistasis we explore the evolution of canalization (reduced mutational effects) and evolvability (levels of additive genetic variance) under different forms of stabilizing and fluctuating selection. We show that the total selection acting on an allele can be divided into a component deriving from adaptation of the trait mean, a component of canalizing selection favoring alleles that epistatically reduce the effects of other allele substitutions, and a component of conservative selection disfavoring rare alleles. While canalizing selection operates in both stable and fluctuating environments, it may not typically maximize canalization, because it gets less efficient with increasing canalization, and reaches a balance with drift, mutation and indirect selection. Fluctuating selection leads to less canalized equilibria than stabilizing selection of comparable strength, because canalization then becomes influenced by erratic correlated responses to shifting trait adaptation. We conclude that epistatic systems under bounded fluctuating selection will become less canalized than under stabilizing selection and may support moderately increased evolvability if the amplitude of fluctuations is large, but canalization is still stronger and evolvability lower than expected under neutral evolution or under patterns of selection that shift the trait in directions of positive (reinforcing) epistasis. Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2013 Canalization nationallicence Evolvability nationallicence Epistasis nationallicence Mutation-selection balance nationallicence Fluctuating selection nationallicence Le Rouzic Arnaud Laboratoire Évolution, Génome, Spéciation, CNRS UPR9034, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France aut Álvarez-Castro José Department of Genetics, Veterinary Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carvalho Calero, 27002, Lugo, Galiza, Spain aut Hansen Thomas Department of Biology, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, Blindern, P.O. Box 1066, 0316, Oslo, Norway aut Evolutionary Biology Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 40/3(2013-09-01), 317-340 0071-3260 40:3<317 2013 40 11692 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-012-9218-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-012-9218-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Le Rouzic Arnaud Laboratoire Évolution, Génome, Spéciation, CNRS UPR9034, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Álvarez-Castro José Department of Genetics, Veterinary Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carvalho Calero, 27002, Lugo, Galiza, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hansen Thomas Department of Biology, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, Blindern, P.O. Box 1066, 0316, Oslo, Norway aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Evolutionary Biology Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 40/3(2013-09-01), 317-340 0071-3260 40:3<317 2013 40 11692 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer